Chemistry Module 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a homologous series

A

Group of compounds with the same general formula

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2
Q

What is the general formula for alkanes

A

CnH2n+2

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3
Q

What is the general formula for alkenes

A

CnH2n

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4
Q

What is the general formula for alkynes

A

CnH2n-2

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5
Q

Bond energy refers to

A

Bond strength, the amount of energy required to break a bond.The higher the bond energy the stronger the bond

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6
Q

Define primary, secondary and tertiary alcohol

A

primary alcohol ,,, the C bonded to OH is only bonded to one alkyl group
The C bonded to OH is only bonded to two alkyl group
The C bonded to OH is bonded to 3 alkyl group

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7
Q

What are the types of addition reactions

A

hydrogenation, halogenation and hydration

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8
Q

When H2 is added to an unsaturated hydrocarbon

What catalyst yes/no give eg , and product is formed

A

Catalyst: Yes, palladium, nickel, rhodium
Product: Alkane

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9
Q

When Halogens are added to an unsaturated hydrocarbon

What catalyst yes/no give eg , and product is formed

A

Catalyst: None
Product:Haloalkane

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10
Q

Why do unsaturated hydrocarbons not need a catalyst when reacting with halogens or hydrogen halides

A

Because they are more reactive

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11
Q

When Hydrogen Halides are added to an unsaturated hydrocarbon
What catalyst yes/no give eg , and product is formed

A

Catalyst: None
Products: Haloalkane

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12
Q

When H2O is added to an unsaturated hydrocarbon

What catalyst yes/no give eg , and product is formed

A

Catalyst: H2SO4 or H3PO4
Products: Alkanol
Temperature: 300

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13
Q

When adding H2 as a reagent and you do not want it to further react what do you do

A

Add Lindlar catalyst which acts as an inhibitor

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14
Q

What gives alcohols a higher boiling point than alkanes of a similar molar mass

A

Hydrogen bonding

large intermolecular forces

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15
Q

why do alkane molecules have a weak bonding

A

Because they are non-polar and form dispersion forces

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16
Q

What has effect on boiling and melting points for the alcohols(3)

A

the type of bonding
the length of the chain
position of the hydroxyl group