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Chemistry > Chemistry Ka2 > Flashcards

Chemistry Ka2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is oxidation?

A

When oxygen is added to an element

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2
Q

What is reduction?

A

When oxygen is lost or removed from a compound

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3
Q

What has happened here? :

4Na + O₂ –> Na₂O

A

Oxidation of sodium

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4
Q

In terms of electrons, what is oxidation?

A

The loss of electrons

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5
Q

What is the sentence for the reactivity series?

A

Please Send Lions, Cats, Monkeys and Zebras Into Lovely Hot Countries, Signed General Penguin

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6
Q

What happens the the most reactive group in the reactivity series?

A

They burn to form oxide

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7
Q

What happens to the middle group in the reactivity series?

A

Forms oxide when heated

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8
Q

What happens to the least reactive metals in the reactivity series?

A

No reaction

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9
Q

What is the word equation for reaction with cold water?

A

Metal + water –> metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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10
Q

What metals will react with cold water?

A

Metals with high reactivity

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11
Q

What metals react with dilute acids?

A

Metals that are more reactive than hydrogen

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12
Q

What is the word equation for reaction with dilute acids

A

Metal + acid –> salt + hydrogen

MASH

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13
Q

Explain what happens with Li - 2e

A

The element becomes positively charged because you have taken away some of the negative charge

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14
Q

Explain oxidation and reduction with: CuO + H₂ –> Cu + H₂O

A

Oxidation of hydrogen

Reduction of copper oxide

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15
Q

What happens when metal atoms react?

A

They lose electrons to form positive ions

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16
Q

Write an equation to show what happens to the magnesium atoms when they react and form magnesium ions (Mg2+)

A

Mg - 2e⁻ –> Mg²⁺

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17
Q

What is the rule thingy for metals more reactive than hydrogen?

A

If a metal is more reactive than hydrogen, the metal will react with an acid. If a metal is less reactive than hydrogen, the metal will not react with an acid

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18
Q

What do all acids contain?

A

A hydrogen ion

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19
Q

What does OILRIG mean?

A

Oxygen is loss of electrons

Reduction is gain

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20
Q

Is this oxidation or reduction?

2Br⁻ - 2e⁻ –> Br₂

A

Oxidation

21
Q

Is this oxidation or reduction?

Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ –> Cu

A

Reduction

22
Q

Is this oxidation or reduction?

Al³⁺ + 3e⁻ –> Al

A

Reduction

23
Q

Is this oxidation or reduction?

2Cl⁻ - 2e⁻ –> Cl₂

A

Oxidation

24
Q

What happens when a positive ion changes into an Atom?

A

The positive ion always gains electrons. The positive ion is always reduced

25
Q

What happens when a negative ion changes into an atom?

A

The negative ion always loses electrons. The negative ion is always oxidised

26
Q

Balance this equation by putting a number where indicated (___)

___F⁻ - 2e⁻ –> F₂

A

2F⁻ - 2e⁻ –> F₂

27
Q

Balance this equation by putting a number where indicated (___)

Al³⁺ + __e⁻ –> Al

A

Al³⁺ + 3e⁻ –> Al

28
Q

Balance this equation by putting a number where indicated (___)

___O² - 4e⁻ –> O₂

A

2O² - 4e⁻ –> O₂

29
Q

What does extract mean?

A

To take something out of something

30
Q

What do potassium, sodium and lithium need to pass through their ores?

A

Electricity

31
Q

What is an ore?

A

A rock which has a compound from which a metal can be extracted

32
Q

What is reduced and what is oxidised?

Zinc oxide + carbon –> zinc + carbon dioxide

A

Zinc oxide - reduced

Carbon - oxidised

33
Q

What is oxidised and what is reduced?

Copper oxide + carbon –> carbon dioxide + copper

A

Copper oxide - reduced

Carbon - oxidised

34
Q

When metals are extracted from compounds, what happens to the metal ions in the compounds?

A

They gain electrons

35
Q

Copper reacts with silver nitrate solution, complete the word equation :

Copper+silver nitrate –> _______ + ________

A

Copper + silver nitrate –> copper nitrate + silver

36
Q

Magnesium + copper sulphate –> magnesium sulphate + copper

Why is this called a displacement reaction?

A

Because magnesium is more reactive than the copper and takes the place of copper to make magnesium sulphate

37
Q

What is a dependant variable?

A

Something that will/can change

38
Q

What are the variables?

A

Something that will/can/should stay the same

39
Q

What is lithium, potassium and sodium kept in and why?

A

Paraffin oil to stop them from reacting with any water or oxygen in the air

40
Q

Lithium, potassium and sodium are what when they are first cut?

A

Shiny

41
Q

Potassium, lithium and sodium do what on water and what does this mean?

A

They float meaning they are less dense

42
Q

What happens to lithium, potassium and sodium when they react?

A

They get smaller and bubbles of gas can be seen and when the reaction has ended there is no (metal) left

43
Q

Do lithium, potassium and sodium all react with water?

A

Yes

44
Q

If a solution turns universal indicator purple, what does it mean?

A

The solution is an alkali

45
Q

What if metal two is more reactive than metal 1?

A

The voltage measured is positive

46
Q

What is metal one is more reactive than metal two

A

The voltage measured is negative

47
Q

The bigger the difference in reactivity of the two metals, _______________________________

A

The larger the voltage produced

48
Q

Zn - 2e⁻ –> Zn²⁺

Zinc is oxidised in this reaction, why?

A

Because zinc has lost electrons

Chemistry (5 decks)

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