Chemistry * General Knowledge 1 Flashcards
Depending on the number of protons you get different ____
Elements
Water is made of _ & _
Hydrogen & Oxygen (H2O)
Atoms have ____ around them.
Atoms have Electron shells
All the elements in the periodic table that are in the same row, column, or group have the same number of ____ electrons
valence electrons.
Elements with the same number of valence electrons have
similar reactions in many chemical reactions.
The first group in the periodic table are called :
The Alkali metals
Name the alkali metals.
Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium, & Francium
List 4 things the Alkali metals have in common :
-They all have 1 valence electron
- All are shiny metals
- soft metals
- may cause a explosion sometimes
What is Isotopes?
Isotopes is when two or more elements have the same number if neutrons. When they have the same number of neutrons they can create a different element. Such as
Deuterium + Tritium = Hydrogen
Positive charged atoms are called - & negative charged atoms are called _.
Positive charged atoms are called Cations. & negative charged atoms are called Anions
All atoms that have a charge are called :
ions
When two or more atoms are together they make a molecule But when there are 2 or more different elements you get a ____
Compound
* Compounds behave completely different than what they are made of.
What are the 2 popular ways of writing molecules ?
- Lewis dot structure
- Molecular formula
How is a covalent bond formed?
When two atoms don’t have a complete outer shell, but get it by sharing thier electrons, that bond is called a covalent bond.
How is a covalent bond caused?
It is caused when one positive charge nucleus of (a atom is pulling the electrons of the other. This strength is called “Electronegativity”
Which element has the strongest pull?
Florine has the strongest pull
If the electronegativity is bigger than 1.7 you get..
” A ionic bond. “
What is an ionic bond?
In a ionic bond is made when a element has too many electrons, and another needs one. When they form a ionic bond, the first element (too many electrons)
