Chemistry Fundamentals

Question 1

1mL=

Answer 1

1cm^3=1cc

Question 2

angstrom

Answer 2

equal to 10^-10 m, abbreviated as A with a circle above it

Question 3

the angstrom is a convenient unit for:

Answer 3

atomic radii and bond lengths, which are usually around 1-3A

Question 4

density

Answer 4

mass per volume, SI unit: kg/m^3

Question 5

molecule

Answer 5

when two or more atoms form a covalent bond

Question 6

molecular formula

Answer 6

gives the identities and numbers of the atoms in the molecule

Question 7

empirical formula

Answer 7

the smallest whole numbers that give the same ratio of atoms in the molecular formula

Question 8

formula weight

Answer 8

the sum of the atomic weights of all the atoms in the molecule

Question 9

what is the unit for atomic weight?

Answer 9

atomic mass unit (amu)

Question 10

molecular weight (MW)

Answer 10

weight of a compound that exists as discrete molecules (used instead of formula weight)

Question 11

mole=Avogadro’s Number, Na

Answer 11

6.02*10^23 entities

Question 12

1 mole of a substance has a mass in grams equal to:

Answer 12

the mass in amu’s of 1 formula unit of the substance

Question 13

molarity (M)

Answer 13

the concentration of a solution in terms of moles of solute per volume of the solution

Question 14

mole fraction

Answer 14

the fraction of moles of a given substance relative to the total moles in a solution

Question 15

what is requisite for a balanced chemical reaction?

Answer 15

if for every element represented, the number of atoms on the left side of the arrow is equal to the number of atoms on the right side

Question 16

Law of Conservation of Mass/Matter

Answer 16

the amount of matter (mass) does not change in a chemical reaction

Question 17

stoichiometric coefficients

Answer 17

gives the ratios of the numbers of molecules (mols) that apply to the combination of reactants and the formation of products

Question 18

limiting reagent

Answer 18

the reactant that is consumed first, not necessarily the reactant that’s initially present in the smallest amount

Question 19

how do you indicate heat in a reaction?

Answer 19

by drawing a triangle above the reaction arrow

Question 20

catalyst

Answer 20

a substance that increases the rate of a reaction without being consumed

Question 21

how do you indicate catalyst in a reaction?

Answer 21

write catalyst below the reaction arrow

Question 22

oxidation state/oxidation number

Answer 22

indicates how the atom’s “ownership” of its valence electrons changes when it forms a compound. similar to the “charge” the atom would have if the compound were ionic

Question 23

ionic compounds involve:

Answer 23

the complete transfer of electrons