Chemistry - Chemical Bonding Flashcards
How are ions formed?
When atoms gain or lose electrons.
What is the ionic bond?
The ionic bond is the mutual electrostatic attraction between the ions of opposite charges.
What are the diatomic elements?
Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine
What is the diagram used for ionic bonding?
Dot-and-cross diagram.
What are ionic compounds?
A neutral substance that consists of ions of opposite charges held together by ionic bonds. Ionic bonds form between metals and non-metals. Ionic compounds have no net charge.
What is the ionic structure?
The ionic compound exists as the three-dimensional giant ionic crystal lattice of alternating positive and negative ions. Positive and negative ions exert electrostatic forces all around them.
What is the covalent bond?
Atoms share electrons. (non-metals only)
What is the metallic bond?
Metal atoms are held strongly together by metallic bonding. In the solid state –> giant metallic lattice structure. In the structure, they lose their valence electrons which move freely (delocalised) which becomes the sea of mobile electrons. The atoms become positively charged ions. Definition: Strong mutual electrostatic forces of attraction between the metals cations and the sea of delocalised electrons. (NOT between the ions)
