Chemistry Chapter 6 "Chemical Bonding"

Question 1

chemical bonding

Answer 1

is a mutal electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence elctrons of different atoms that binds the atoms together.

Question 2

covalent bonding

Answer 2

results from the sharing of electron pairs between two atoms

Question 3

ionic bonding

Answer 3

chemical bonding that results from the electrical attraction between large numbers of cations and anions

Question 4

nonpolar-covalent bond

Answer 4

a covalent bond in which the bonding elctrons are shared eually by the bonded atoms, resulting in a balanced distribution of electrical charge

Question 5

polar

Answer 5

meaning that they have an uneven distribution of charge

Question 6

polar-covalent bond

Answer 6

is a covalent bond in which the bonded atoms have an unequal attraction for the shared electrons

Question 7

bond energy

Answer 7

is the energy required to break a chemical bond and form neutral isolated atoms

Question 8

bond lengeth

Answer 8

the distance between two bonded atoms at their minimum potential energy, that is, the average distance between two bonded atoms

Question 9

chemical formula

Answer 9

indicates the relative numbers of atoms fo each kind in a chemical compound by using atomic symbols and numerical subscripts

Question 10

diatomic molecule

Answer 10

is a molecule containing only two atoms

Question 11

double bond

Answer 11

is a covalent bond produced by the sharing of two pairs of electrons between two atoms.

Question 12

electron-dot notation

Answer 12

is an electron-configuration notation in which only the valence electrons of an atom of particular element are shown, indicated by dots placed around the element’s symbol

Question 13

Lewis structure

Answer 13

formula in which atomic symbols represent nuclei and inner-shell electrons, dot-pairs or dashes between two atomic symbols represent electron pairs in covalent bonds, and dots adjacent to only one atomic symbol represent unshared electrons.

Question 14

lone pair

Answer 14

is a pair of electrons that is not involved in bonding and that belongs exculsively to one atom

Question 15

molecular compound

Answer 15

a chemical compound whose simplest units are molecules is call molecular compound

Question 16

molecular formula

Answer 16

indicates the relative numbers of atoms of each kind in a chemical compound by using atomic symbols and numberical subscripts

Question 17

molecle

Answer 17

is a neutral group of atoms that are held together by covalent bonds

Question 18

multiple bond

Answer 18

double and triple bonds are referred to as multiple bonds

Question 19

octet rule

Answer 19

chemical compounds tend to form so that each atom,by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons, has an octet of electrons in its highest occupied energy level

Question 20

resonance

Answer 20

refers to bonding in molecules or ions that cannot be correctly represented by a single Lewis structure

Question 21

single bond

Answer 21

is a covalent bond produced by the sharing of one pair of electrons between two atoms

Question 22

structural formula

Answer 22

indicates the kind, number, arrangement, and bonds but not the unshared pairs of the atoms in a milecule

Question 23

triple bond

Answer 23

ia a covalent bond produced by the sharing of three pairs of electrons between two atoms

Question 24

unshared pair

Answer 24

is a pair of electrons that is not involved in bonding and that belongs xclusively to one atom

Question 25

formula unit

Answer 25

is the simplest collection of atoms from which an ionic compound’s formula can be established

Question 26

ionic compound

Answer 26

is composed of positive and negative ion that ar combined so that the numbers of positive and negative charges are equal

Question 27

lattice energy

Answer 27

is the energy released when

Question 28

polyatomic ion

Answer 28

a charged group of covalently bonded atoms is known as a polyatomic ion.

Question 29

ductility

Answer 29

is the ablity of a substance to be drawn, pulled, or extruded through a small opening to produce a wire

Question 30

malleability

Answer 30

is the ability of a substance to be hammered or beaten into thin sheets

Question 31

metallic bonding

Answer 31

the chemical bonding that results from the attraction between metal atoms and the surrounding sea of electrons