Chemistry Chapter 3 "Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter"

Question 1

Law of convervation of mass

Answer 1

Which states that mass is neither destroyed nor created during ordinary chmical reactions or physical changes.

Question 2

Law of definite proportions

Answer 2

The fact that a chemical compound contains the same elements in exactly the same proportions by mass regardless of the size of the sample or source of the compound.

Question 3

Law of multiple proportions

Answer 3

If two or more different compounds are composed of the same two elements

Question 4

Atom

Answer 4

The smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element.

Question 5

Nuclear forces

Answer 5

Short-range proton-neutron, proton-proton, and neutron-neutron forces hold the nuclear particles together.

Question 6

Atomic mass unit

Answer 6

One atomic-mas unit, or 1amu, is exactly 1/12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom.

Question 7

Atomic number

Answer 7

Atomic number (Z) of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus of each atom of that element.

Question 8

Average atomic mass

Answer 8

is the weighted average of the atomic masses of tge batyrakkt iccyrubg isotopes of an element

Question 9

Avogadro’s number

Answer 9

6.022137 x 10 to the 23rd power–is the number of particles in exactly one mole of a pure substance

Question 10

Isotopes

Answer 10

Are atoms of the same element that have different masses

Question 11

Mass number

Answer 11

is the total numberof protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an isotope

Question 12

Molar mass

Answer 12

the mass of one mole of a pure substance

Question 13

Mole

Answer 13

(Abbreviated mol) is the amount of a substance that contains as many particles as there are atoms in exactly 12g of carbon-12.

Question 14

Nuclide

Answer 14

is a general term for any isotope of any element