Chemistry-Chapter 2-Notes 1

Question 1

What mixture will allow paper to give off flames but not burn?

Answer 1

water and rubbing alcohol

Question 2

Real life values: meter

Answer 2

golf club

Question 3

Real life values: decimeter

Answer 3

diameter of an orange

Question 4

Real life values: centimeter

Answer 4

width of pinky finger

Question 5

Real life values: millimeter

Answer 5

width of dime

Question 6

What are the only truly exact numbers?

Answer 6

Whole things, such as people, which do not come in units less than one

Question 7

Real life values: meter cubed

Answer 7

washing machine

Question 8

Real life values: centimeter cubed

Answer 8

sugar cube

Question 9

How many millimeters cubed are in a meter cubed?

Answer 9

1,000,000,000

one billion

Question 10

Real life values: Liter

Answer 10

half a large soda bottle

Question 11

1 Liter = ? milliliters

Answer 11

1000

Question 12

1 Liter = ?

hint, think meters

Answer 12

1 decameter cubed

Question 13

1 milliliter = ?

hint, think meters

Answer 13

1 centimeter cubed (or cc)

Question 14

How many drops of water fit in a mL?

Answer 14

about 20

Question 15

Real life values: Room temperature in Celcius

Answer 15

23 degrees

Question 16

Real life values: Body temperature in Celsius

Answer 16

37 degrees

Question 17

Real life values: Hot in Celsius

Answer 17

30 degrees

Question 18

Real life values: Very Cold in Celsius

Answer 18

-20 degrees

Question 19

Real life values: comfortable in Celsius

Answer 19

20 degrees

Question 20

Real life values: Cold in Celsius

Answer 20

-10 degrees

Question 21

Reel life values: Chilly/Cool in Celcius

Answer 21

10 degrees

Question 22

Real life values: gram

Answer 22

large paper clip

Question 23

How much does a penny weigh in grams?

Answer 23

2.5 g

Question 24

Who much does an iPhone 5 weigh in grams?

Answer 24

115 g

Question 25

What is the density of water?

Answer 25

1.00 g/mL (at room temperature)

Question 26

What is water displacement?

Answer 26

A method by which the volume of irregularly shaped objects can be determined
An object (denser than water) is placed into a recorded amount of water. The increase in volume of the water once the object is added is the volume of said object.

Question 27

Name all of the steps of the Scientific Method:

Answer 27

Observations (qualitative and quantitative); Hypothesis; Experiment; Analysis; Conclusion (return to Hypothesis if original was incorrect)

Question 28

system

Answer 28

a specific portion of matter in a given region of space that has been selected for study during an experiment or observation

Question 29

variables

Answer 29

the portion of the experiment that is changed; only one variable should be in each experiment

Question 30

control

Answer 30

the portion of the experiment tjat is held constant throughout the experiment to ensure that you are only testing the variable

Question 31

hypothesis

Answer 31

an educated guess or testable question

Question 32

model

Answer 32

more than a physical object
explanation of how phenomena occur and how data or events are related
if it successfully explains many phenomena, it may become part of a theory or law

Question 33

theory

Answer 33

broad generalization that explains a body of facts or phenomena

Question 34

Are zeroes between nonzero digits significant?

Answer 34

Yes

Question 35

Are zeroes appearing in front of all nonzero digits significant?

Answer 35

No

Question 36

Are zeroes at the end of a number but to the right of a decimal point significant?

Answer 36

Yes

Question 37

Are zeroes at the end of a number but to the left of a decimal point significant?

Answer 37

If the zeroes are measured and not just placeholders or there is a decimal at the end of the number, Yes
If the zeroes are placeholders and there is not a decimal point after them, No

Question 38

digit or figure

Answer 38

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Question 39

significant digit or figure

Answer 39

digit that helps you to undertand the details of the entire number given to you

Question 40

Scientific Notation

Answer 40

M x 10^n
M is a number greater than or equal to 1 but less than 10
n is a whole number (potentially negative)

Question 41

Sig Fig Rule for Adding and Subtracting:

Answer 41

limit and round answers to the least number of decimal places in any of the numbers used to make up your answer

Question 42

Sig Fig Rule for Multiplying and Dividing

Answer 42

limit and round answers to have as many total sig figs as the factor with the least number of sig figs

Question 43

How many decimal places do you take precise measurements to?

Answer 43

One decimal place past the smallest marking on the means of measurement

Question 44

Where do you take a measurement of volume on a liquid with a meniscus?

Answer 44

at the lowest point in the curve of the meniscus

Question 45

Where can the uncertain digit in any number WITH A DECIMAL POINT be found?

Answer 45

it is the last sig fig

Question 46

Where can the uncertain digit(s) be found in a number WITHOUT A DECIMAL POINT?

Answer 46

last sig fig and any zeroes after that

Question 47

What is the formula for Percent Error?

Answer 47

Percentage Error= ((Value Experimental - Value Accepted) / Value Accepted) x 100%

Question 48

Qualitative

Answer 48

related to qualities of matter which do not change based on amount

Question 49

Quantitative

Answer 49

related to the amount of matter

Question 50

Density Formulas

Answer 50

D=M/V
M=DV
V=M/D

Question 51

What is the difference between mass and weight?

Answer 51

Mass does not change with gravity

Weight is based on gravity