Chemistry Chapter 1 Flashcards
Chemistry is the study of? 3 things
Composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes
The branch of chemistry that identifies the composition of materials is _?
analytical chemistry
An example of an extensive property is _?
mass
One of the chemical properties of water is the fact that it can be
decomposed to hydrogen and oxygen
a change in which one or more substances are converted into one or more NEW substances with different properties
chemical change
The state of matter in which a material has a definite volume but no definite shape is _.
liquid state
Physical means can be used to separated _.
mixtures
Group _ in the periodic table contains only nonmetals
18
Based on their location on the periodic table, oxygen and selenium have _
similar properties
What are properties of metals?
Malleability, ductile, good heat conductivity
The two properties that all matter has in common are _ & )
mass and volume
The element type that is a good conductor of electricity is a_
metal
The smallest unit of an element that has the properties of that element is a _
atom
A chemical reaction in which more energy is absorbed than is released is _
endothermic
A mixture that has the same proportion of components throughout is called _
homogeneous mixture
_ is carried out for the sake of increasing knowledge
basic research
A _ is an element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals
metalliod
when atoms of two or more elements are chemically bonded the substance formed is a
compound
A change in which one or more substances are converted into one or more new substances with different properties is a _.
chemical change
P or C? melting an ice cube
physical
P or C? burning a piece of paper
chemical
P or C? slicing a loaf of bread
physical
P or C? decomposing mercury (II) oxide
chemical
P or C? diluting a salt water solution
physical
find reactants and products
carbon + oxygen -> carbon dioxide
reactant- carbon and oxygen
product: carbon dioxide
find reactants and products
mercury (II) oxide -> mercury + oxygen
reactants: mercury (II) oxide
products: mercury + oxygen
study of carbon- containing compounds
organic
study of all substances not classified as organic
inorganic
study of the properties, changes and relationship between energy and matter
physical branch
the identification of the components and composition of materials
analytic branch
study of substances and processes occurring in living things
biochemmistry
use of math and computers to design and predict the properties of new compounds
theoretical
driven by scientists curiosity or interest in a scientific question
main motivation: expand man’s knowledge
basic research
designed to solve practical problems
improve the human condition
applied research
measure of amount of matter
mass
pure substance composed of atoms of the same atomic # and can’t be decomposed by chemical means
element
Substance composed of 2 or more elements chemically combined in a definite ratio
compounds
characteristics defining an entire group of substances or a subgroup of substances; used to identify substances
property
A characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance
physical
relates to a substance’s ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances
chemical
a change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance
physical
every sample has the same properties and composition
pure substance
consists of 2 or more substances physically combined
mixtures
uniform throughout
homogeneous mixture
not uniform
heterogeneous mixture
groups?
18, columns
peiods?
7, horizontal
exists as solids liquids or gases, brittle as solids, poor/non-conductors
non-metal
malleable, ductile, conductivity, conduct electricity, exhibit luster
metal
all solids, less brittle and more malleable than non-metals, semiconductors of electricity
metalloids
