chemistry c1 atomic structure

Question 1

What is an atom?

Answer 1

An atom is the smallest part of an element that can exist.

Question 2

What is a molecule?

Answer 2

A molecule is a substance that has 2 or more atoms chemically bonded together.

Question 3

What is an element?

Answer 3

An element is a substance containing only 1 type of atom.

Question 4

What is a compound?

Answer 4

A compound is a substance containing 2 or more different types of elements chemically bonded together.

Question 5

What is an atomic number?

Answer 5

An atomic number is the number of protons in the atom.

Question 6

What is a balanced symbol equation?

Answer 6

A balanced symbol equation is a symbol equation in which there are equal numbers of each type of atom on either side of the equation.

Question 7

What is an electron?

Answer 7

An electron is a tiny particle with a negative charge.

Question 8

What is the electronic structure?

Answer 8

A set of numbers to show the arrangement of electrons in their shell.

Question 9

What is a group (In the periodic table)?

Answer 9

Vertical columns of elements (labelled 1 to 7 and 0) with similar properties.

Question 10

What is an ion?

Answer 10

An ion is a charged atom caused by the loss or gain of electrons.

Question 11

What is an isotope?

Answer 11

An isotope is an atom of the same type (same number of protons) but with a different number of neutrons.

Question 12

What is the law of conservation of mass?

Answer 12

The total mass of the products is equal to the total mass of the reactants.

Question 13

What is the mass number?

Answer 13

The number of protons plus the number of neutrons in the nucleus.

Question 14

What is a neutron?

Answer 14

A dense, neutrally charged particle found in the nucleus.

Question 15

What is the periodic table?

Answer 15

The periodic table is an arrangement of elements in order of their atomic numbers, forming groups and periods.

Question 16

What is a product?

Answer 16

A substance made as a result of a chemical reaction.

Question 17

What is a proton?

Answer 17

A tiny positive particle found within the nucleus of an atom.

Question 18

What is a reactant?

Answer 18

A substance we start with before a chemical reaction takes place.

Question 19

What is a shell?

Answer 19

The orbit of the electrons follow around the nucleus.

Question 20

What is a state symbol?

Answer 20

The abbreviations used in a balanced symbol equation to show if reactants and products are solid (s), liquid (l), gas (g), or dissolved in water (aq).

Question 21

What is a symbol equation?

Answer 21

An equation that helps you see how much of each substance is involved in a chemical reaction by showing the chemical symbols and formulae of all the reactants and products involved.

Question 22

What is the word equation of water?

Answer 22

Hydrogen + oxygen → Water.

Question 23

What is the balanced symbol equation for Water?

Answer 23

2H2 + O2 = 2H2O.

Question 24

Who proved atoms existed and when?

Answer 24

John Dalton in 1800s.

Question 25

What did John Dalton believe atoms were?

Answer 25

Tiny spheres which could not be divided or split.

Question 26

Who discovered Electrons and when?

Answer 26

JJ Thompson in 1897.

Question 27

What model of the atom did JJ Thompson propose?

Answer 27

Plum pudding model.

Question 28

Who discovered the nucleus and when?

Answer 28

Geiger and Marsden in 1913.

Question 29

How was the nucleus discovered and the nuclear model created?

Answer 29

Positive alpha particles were fired at thin gold foil. Most particles went straight through the gold atoms, suggesting that atoms are mostly empty space. Some were deflected, suggesting that there was a positive centre to the atom. Some of the particles bounced straight back, suggesting that the centre of the atom contains a great deal of mass.

Question 30

What is the nuclear model?

Answer 30

In the nuclear model, the atom is mostly empty space with electrons orbiting the nucleus, which contains positive protons.

Question 31

Who created the nuclear model?

Answer 31

Rutherford.

Question 32

Who revised the nuclear model?

Answer 32

Bohr.

Question 33

What is the Bohr Nuclear Model?

Answer 33

Bohr proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed shells.

Question 34

Who discovered Neutrons and when?

Answer 34

Chadwick in 1932.

Question 35

Atoms of the same element have the same number of…

Answer 35

Protons.

Question 36

What is the charge and mass of a proton?

Answer 36

Charge = +1, mass = 1.

Question 37

What is the charge and mass of a neutron?

Answer 37

Charge = 0, mass = 1.

Question 38

What is the charge and mass of an electron?

Answer 38

Charge = -1, mass = almost 0.

Question 39

What is found in the nucleus?

Answer 39

Protons and neutrons.

Question 40

What is the radius of an atom?

Answer 40

1 x 10^-10 m.

Question 41

What is the radius of the nucleus?

Answer 41

1 x 10^-14 m.

Question 42

How many electrons can fit in shell 1?

Answer 42

2.

Question 43

How many electrons can fit in shell 2 and 3?

Answer 43

8.

Question 44

How can you tell what group an atom is in?

Answer 44

By how many electrons it has in the outer shell.

Question 45

What do ions gain or lose electrons to obtain?

Answer 45

A full outer shell.

Question 46

Does group 1-3 gain or lose electrons to form ions?

Answer 46

Lose.

Question 47

Does group 5-7 gain or lose electrons to form ions?

Answer 47

Gain.

Question 48

What are the diatomic particles?

Answer 48

Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Fluorine, Iodine, Oxygen, Chlorine, Bromine (Have No Fear Of Ice CoLd BeeR).