Chemistry Autumn 2023/24 Flashcards
1.1 What is the name for a solid turning into a liquid and a liquid turning into a solid?
melting and freezing
1.2 What is the name for a liquid turning into a gas and a gas turning into a liquid?
boiling and condensing
1.3 What is the name for a solid turning into a gas?
sublimation
1.4 How does heating affect the energy of particles?
the energy of the particles increases
1.5 What happens if particles in a solid have enough energy to overcome the forces holding them together?
the particles begin to flow and the solid melts
1.6 Define “boiling point”
the temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas
1.7 Define “diffusion”
the movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration
1.8 Define pressure
the force pushing on a particular area
1.9 What is the formula to calculate pressure?
pressure = force ÷ area
1.1 What is the formula to calculate density?
density = mass ÷ volume
2.1 What is a scientific theory?
an idea used to explain events
2.2 How are theories proved or disproved?
by collecting evidence
2.3 Define a formulation
a mixture designed as a useful product
2.4 Give 2 examples of formulations
formula milk and paint
2.5 Define “composite”
a material made from two or more different types of material
2.6 Give two examples of composites
MDF and fibreglass
2.7 What is a polymer?
a very large molecule made from smaller molecules called monomers which are joined together
2.8 Give 3 examples of polymers
polyester, polyethene and polystyrene
2.9 Other than separating mixtures give another use of chromatography
identifying unknowns
2.1 What property of the spots do we compare to identify unknowns
distance travelled compared to the distance travelled by a known substance
