Biology Autumn 2023/24 Flashcards
1 List the 7 parts of a balanced diet.
carbohydrate, protein, fat (lipid), vitamins, minerals, fibre, water
2 What is meant by a balanced diet?
Having the correct amount of each nutrient to enable healthy growth and activity.
3 What do we use to test for starch?
Iodine
4 What is the sign that starch is present?
Colour change orange- black
5 What do we use to test for protein?
Biuret solution
6 What is the sign that protein is present?
Blue - purple
7 What does the stomach contain and why?
The stomach contains acid (HCl) which destroys harmful bacteria and makes the pH right for digestion of protein.
8 What happens in the small intestine?
In the small intestine small food particles are transferred from the digestive system into the blood.
9 What is an enzyme?
An enzyme is biological catalyst.
10 What do enzymes do?
A catalyst is something which speeds up chemical reactions, so an enzyme is something which speeds up chemical reactions in living things.
11 What is glucose used for?
Respiration- energy
12 What are pathogens?
Disease causing micro-organisms
13 Name three types of pathogen.
Bacteria, viruses and fungi
14 Define a non-communicable disease.
A non-communicable disease is one that is not caused by a pathogen and cannot be spread.
15 What happens in the respiratory system of a person suffering from asthma?
If you have asthma your bronchioles can become inflamed, swollen and constricted (narrowed), and excess mucus is produced.
16 List 3 lifestyle factors that can be bad for health.
smoking, drinking alcohol, having an unbalanced diet
17 Classify the following drugs as stimulants or depressants: alcohol, caffeine, heroine, cannabis, cocaine, MDMA.
Stimulants: caffeine, cocaine, MDMA. Depressants: heroine, cannabis, alcohol
18 Define obesity.
Obesity is being very overweight.
19 Describe what happens when the energy you take in as food and drink is more than the energy you use.
If your energy intake is more than your energy use then you will gain weight.
20 What is malnutrition?
Malnutrition is not having enough, or having too much, of one or more of nutrients.
