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Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

Chemistry

A

Composition, interaction ,properties of substances

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2
Q

Greeks contribution to chemistry

A

4 elements

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3
Q

How long ago did people try to understand chemistry?

A

+2500 yrs

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4
Q

Alchemist contribution

A

Turn base metals into noble metals

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5
Q

Examples of chemistry

A
  • digestion
  • Making polymers
  • refining oil
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6
Q

Chemistry is based on

A

Observation and experiments

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7
Q

Hypothesis

A

Explanation of observation

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8
Q

Law

A

Summarize many observations
Predict things
Explain how things happen

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9
Q

Theory

A

Explanation of phenomenon with evidence that is comprehensive
Testable

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10
Q

What are the three domains of chemistry

A

Macroscopic
Microscopic
Symbolic

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11
Q

Scientific method

A

-observation
-hypoyhesis
Experiment
-results
-repeat

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12
Q

Liquid

A

Flows and takes shape of container

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13
Q

Gas

A

Takes volume and shape of container

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14
Q

Where can we find plasma?

A

Stars
Lighting

Television screens

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15
Q

Can plasma cut things?

A

Yes, plasma can cut metal

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16
Q

Mass

A

Amount of matter

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17
Q

Weight

A

Amount of gravity on mass

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18
Q

For what types of changes is the law of conservation of matter true?

A

Physical and chemical

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19
Q

How many known elements are there?

A

100+

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20
Q

How many elements occur naturally?

A

90

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21
Q

How many elements were man made?

A

12

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22
Q

Pure substances

A

Constant composition

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23
Q

Elements

A

Can’t be broken down into simpler components

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24
Q

Compounds

A

Made of 2 or more elements

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25
Q

Compounds can be broken down by

A

Chemical changes

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26
Q

Do compounds have different properties than elements?

A

Yes

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27
Q

Mixtures

A
  • 2 or more types of matter
  • different amounts

Separated by physical changes

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28
Q

Homogeneous mixtures

A

Uniform composition

Appears the same throughout

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29
Q

Synonym for homogeneous mixture

A

Solution

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30
Q

Who thought of the atom?

A

Leucippus and democritus

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31
Q

When did leucippus and democritus think about the atom

A

5th century

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32
Q

How did John Dalton support the idea of atoms

A

Quantitative measurements

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33
Q

Molecule

A

2 or more atoms connected by chemical bonds

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34
Q

Physical properties

A

No change in chemical composition

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35
Q

Examples of physical properties

A 
Density
Color
Hardness
Melting and boiling points
Electrical conductivity
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36
Q

Chemical properties

A

Turning one thing into another

Change in Chemical composition

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37
Q

Examples of chemical properties

A 
Flammability
Toxicity
Acidity
Reactivity
Heat of combustion
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38
Q

Extensive properties

A

Depend on the amount of matter present

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39
Q

Examples of extensive properties

A

Mass
Volume
Heat

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40
Q

Intensive properties

A

Don’t depend on the amount of matter present

Density

Temperature

41
Q

What system is used to measure in chem

A

SI

42
Q

Base unit of temp

A

Kelvin K

43
Q

Base unit of length

A

m

44
Q

Base unit of mass

A

Kg

45
Q

Base unit of time

A

S

46
Q

Base unit of electrical current

A

Ampere A

47
Q

Base unit of amount of substance

A

Mole m

48
Q

Base unit of luminous intensity

A

Candela cd

49
Q

Femto

A

10^-15

f

50
Q

Pico

A

10^-12

p

51
Q

Nano

A

10^-9

n

52
Q

Micro

A

10^-6

m

53
Q

Mili

A

10^-3

m

54
Q

Centi

A

10^-2

c

55
Q

Deci

A

10-1

d

56
Q

Kilo

A

K

10^3

57
Q

Mega

A

M

10^6

58
Q

Giga

A

G

10^9

59
Q

Tera

A

10^12

T

60
Q

SI unit of length

A

m

61
Q

The meter was originally

A

1/10 million the distance between the north pole and the equator

62
Q

A meter is now

A

The distance that light travels in a vacuum in 1/ 299,792,458 of a second

63
Q

A meter is approximately

A

3 inches linger than a yard

64
Q

What was originally the mass of a liter of water

A

1kg

65
Q

What is a kg defined by

A

Pt. Ir. Alloy

66
Q

A Kg Is approximately

A

2.2 lbs

67
Q

Symbol used with kelvin

A

No degree symbol is used with K

68
Q

C is also allowed in the SI

A

True

69
Q

Celcius and kelvins have the same magnitude

A

True

70
Q

Temp of water freezing

A

0C

273.15 K

71
Q

Temp of water boiling

A

100 C

373.15K

72
Q

SI unit of volume

A

m3

73
Q

1dm^3=

A

1L

74
Q

1cm^3

A

1ml

75
Q

Density is

A

The ratio of mass over volume

76
Q

Standard Unit of density is

A

Kg/m^3

77
Q

Measurement free from uncertainty

A

Counting

78
Q

Result of counting

A

Exact number

79
Q

Numbers for defined quantities are also exact

A

True

80
Q

1=12 in

A

True

81
Q

1in=2.54cm

A

True

82
Q

1g=.001kg

A

True

83
Q

Quantities that you get from measurements other than counting are uncertain to varying extents

A

True

84
Q

Quantities gotten by means other than counting care not exact.

A

True

85
Q

You can estimate one uncertain digit

A

True

86
Q

Significant digits

A
  • nonzeroes
  • captive zeroes
  • trailing zeroes that are to the right of the decimal place or in scientific notation
87
Q

Insignificant digits

A

Leading zeroes

Trailing zeroes to the left of the decimal

88
Q

The results are as precise as the numbers used to calculate them

A

True

89
Q

When adding or subtracting

A

We round to the same number of digits as the least precise number

90
Q

When multiplying or diving we round to

A

The number with the least significant figures

91
Q

Dropping and rounding rules

A

-5 down
5+ up
5 up or down to make even

92
Q

Similar

A

Close to results

93
Q

Accurate

A

Close to expected value

94
Q

At how many degrees Fahrenheit does water freeze?

A

32⁰F

95
Q

At how many degrees F does water boil?

A

212⁰F

96
Q

Kelvin scale is based on absolute temperature

A

True

97
Q

TF=((9f/5c)xTc)+32

A

Celcius to Fahrenheit

98
Q

Kelvin to celcius

A

TK=TC+273.15

Chemistry (7 decks)

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