Chemistry Flashcards
Element:
is any thing that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance and still retain its unique chemical properties.
Atom:
is the smallest unit of matter that makes up an element
Nucleus:
Where protons and neutrons are found in the ceneter of the atom
Electrons:
are much smaller than protons and neutrons and have a mass of about 1/2000 dalton or amu.
Energy shells:
Where electrons spin around the nucleus and move very quickly in
Where the energy shells themselves can be divided into regions called…
Orbitals
Atoms with electrical charges (unequal numbers of protons and electrons) are called…
Ions
A positively charged ion is a…
Cation
Negatively charged ion is an…
anion
The_____ ______ of each element is unique to that element
Atomic Symbol
The _____ _______ which is also unique to each element (Hint: It is equal to the number of protons)
Atomic Number
Atomic Weight/Mass:
is the larger number and is determined by adding the number of protons and neutrons found in the nucleus.
Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons and different atomic weights are called…
Isotopes
The _____ _______ of an atom is determined by adding the number of protons and neutrons found in the nucleus of that particular atom.
Mass Number
_____ bonds form between oppositely charged atoms (ions) or groups of atoms when one atom or group donates electron(s) to another atom or group that receives the electron(s)
Ionic