Chemistry

Question 1

SN2

Answer 1

Rate law: depends on [substrate] and [nucleophile] -> bimolecular reaction (2)
Attack of nucleophile to an electrophile for substitui in leaving group: halogens (cl, br, I). Leaving group is alcohol if Acid is present
Fastest for methyl than primary carbon (since steric hindrance is the barrier)
Nucleophile is negatively charged, solvent is polar aprotic (acetone).
Product: one product with inversion of configuration at chiral Center
Mechanism: one step, backside attack (result in inversion)

Question 2

SN1

Answer 2

Rate law: only depends on [substrate]. It’s unimolecular (1)
Attack of nucleophile to an electrophile for substitution. Leaving group is halogen (cL, br, I) and is alcohol if Acid is present

Fastest for tertiary carbon (most stable)

Nucleophile usually is neutral (water or alcohol)
Solven: polar protein
Products: mixture of retention and inversion at stereo center
Mechanism:
1. Slow: leaving group leaves, form carboncation
2. Fast: attack by nucleophile at carboncation