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hesi 2 > chemistry > Flashcards

chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

basic measure of weight

A

gram

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2
Q

basic measure of volume

A

liter

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3
Q

basic measure of distance

A

meter

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4
Q

boiling point of pure water at sea level

A

212 f

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5
Q

freezing point of pure water at sea level

A

32 f

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6
Q

freezing water c

A

0

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7
Q

boiling water c

A

100

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8
Q

normal body temp c

A

37

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9
Q

normal body temp f

A

98.6

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10
Q

freezing point of water k

A

273

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11
Q

boiling point of water k

A

373

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12
Q

top number in the square periodic table

A

atomic number= number of protons, therefore number of neutrons

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13
Q

properties of each element can be predicted based on its

A

location in the periodic chart

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14
Q

a cut along the median plane

A

sagittal section

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15
Q

a cut along the coronal plane

A

frontal section

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16
Q

a cut through the transverse plane

A

cross section

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17
Q

closer to point of attachment

A

proximal

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18
Q

farther away from the point of attachment

A

distal

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19
Q

cut through the mid line

A

transverse

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20
Q

cut person in half

A

sagittal

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21
Q

cut person w a front and back

A

frontal plane

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22
Q

4 fundamental tissues

A

epithelial
connective
muscle
nerve

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23
Q

dna is duplicated and distributed evenly to two daughter cells; outcome is 46

A

mitosis

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24
Q

takes place in gonads, ovaries and testes; chromosome number is reduced from 46 to 23

A

meiosis

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25
Q

largest organ of the body

A

skin

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26
Q

in a chemical reaction, no energy is lost but neither is mass destroyed

A

law of the conservation of mass

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27
Q

cannot be created, destroyed, or transformed through physical changes

A

atoms

28
Q

electrons can only orbit the nucleus in certain energy stages, or orbits, that are a set distance from the nucleus

A

bohr’s theory

29
Q

has a particular shape and holds a particular number of electrons

A

orbitals

30
Q

holds 2 electrons

A

s orbital

31
Q

holds 6 electrons

A

p orbital

32
Q

holds 10 electrons

A

d orbital

33
Q

holds 14 electrons

A

f orbitals

34
Q

the closer an atom is to reaching a full valence shell

A

the more reactive it is

35
Q

some elements are not reactive at all because they possess full valence shell

A

noble gases

36
Q

total mass of the element; atomic mass - atomic number = number of neutrons

A

atomic mass

37
Q

atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

A

isotopes

38
Q

elements in group 1 and 2 are WHAT? reactive?

A

alkali and alkali earth metals; very reactive

39
Q

group 17? reactive?

A

halogens; very reactive

40
Q

when an element loses an electron

A

it becomes positive

41
Q

are all gases and contain 7 electrons in their valence shell

A

halogens

42
Q

when 2 atoms are formed together by a chemical bond

A

molecule

43
Q

attractive or repulsive forces that occur between molecules

A

intermolecular forces

44
Q

the small charge on the atoms in a polar molecule interact with the charge on other polar molecules

A

dipole dipole interaction

45
Q

strongest bond of the intermolecular forces

A

hydrogen bonds

46
Q

sum of small force interactions between molecules that are a result of forces that are not covalent, ionic, or hydrogen bonding in nature

A

van der waals forces

47
Q

arises from temporary dipoles created by the normal movement of electrons

A

london dispersion

48
Q

substances with strong hydrogen bonds

A

have higher boiling points

49
Q

have indefinite shape but a definite volume

A

liquid

50
Q

both indefinite shape and volume

A

gas

51
Q

liquid to gas; occurs at boiling point

A

uses energy; evaporation

52
Q

gas to liquid; occurs at boiling point

A

condensation; releases energy

53
Q

solid to liquid; occurs at freezing point

A

melting; uses energy

54
Q

energy required for a solid to become a liquid

A

latent heat of fusion

55
Q

acids produce

A

hydrogen ions (H+)

56
Q

bases produce

A

hydroxide ions (OH-)

57
Q

when a solution contains the maximum amount of solute possible

A

saturated solution

58
Q

a solution with less solute

A

unsaturated

59
Q

a solution with more solute than can normally be dissolved in that solvent

A

supersaturated

60
Q

reaction, a fuel will react with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water

A

combustion

61
Q

a single reactant will decompose into two products

A

decomposition

62
Q

two or more reactants will form a single product

A

synthesis

63
Q

a chemical reaction cannot occur until two molecules which may react collide with one another

A

collision theory

64
Q

study of energy in a system and its relationship to chemical reactions

A

thermodynamics

65
Q

energy can neither be created nor destroyed

A

conservation of energy

hesi 2 (4 decks)

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