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Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. Using the periodic table, how many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in an atom of cobalt?
A

P = 27 E = 27 N = 32

*Electrons =protons, protons = atomic number, neutrons = atomic mass - protons

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2
Q
  1. Which particles are located in the nucleus of the atom?
A

Protons & neutrons

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3
Q
  1. What is a molecule? Be able to identify one from a list.
A

Smallest particles of a substance with the same properties of the substance (ex. H2O, O2, N2, CO2)

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4
Q
  1. Use the periodic table to explain how elements form bonds.
A

Ex. Group 16 ionically bonds with group 2, Group 17 ionically bonds with Group 1

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5
Q
  1. On the periodic table, what are groups and periods?
A

Groups are the columns and share similar properties, periods are rows across the table

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6
Q
  1. What kind of bond is NaCl?
A

Ionic CO2 Covalent N2 Covalent

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7
Q
  1. Which group forms acids with H+ ion?
A

Halogens (Group 17)

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8
Q
  1. How many valence electrons are in a Group 1 element?

Group 13?

A

1

3

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9
Q
  1. How do positive and negative ions form?
A

Positive ions form when an atom loses an electron, negative ions form when an atom gains an electron

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10
Q
  1. In the equation,(REACTANT) P4 + O2  P2O3 (PRODUCT) , if there are 20 g of P4 and 15 g of O2, how many grams of P2O3 will form?
A

35g

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11
Q
  1. How many atoms of each element are in the compound Na3PO4?
A

Na = 3, P = 1, O = 4

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12
Q
  1. Identify each equation as balanced or unbalanced. Balance the unbalanced equation.
A

N2 + H2  2NH3 Unbalanced
N2 + 3H2 > 2NH3 Balanced

2NaF + Br2  2NaBr + F2 Balanced

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13
Q
  1. If a substance has a pH less than 7, it is an ____. If pH is more than 7, it is a ____.
A

acid

base

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14
Q
  1. What type of ions form from acids and bases?
A

Acids: H+ : Bond to nonmetals- (halogens: group 17) Base: OH- : bond to metals-(group 1 & 2)

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15
Q 
15.  Identify each substance as an acid or base:  
KOH Base      
HCl            Acids   
HNO3        Acids 
Mg(OH)2   Base      
H2SO4      Acids
A

HCl Acids
HNO3 Acids
Mg(OH)2 Base
H2SO4 Acids

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16
Q 
16.  Use periodic table to predict the type of bond that will form. 
Na and F    \_\_\_\_\_ 	
C and O     \_\_\_\_\_		
S and O     \_\_\_\_\_
Be and Cl  \_\_\_\_\_
A

Na and F Ionic
C and O covalent
S and O covalent,
Be and Cl Ionic

17
Q
  1. Identify the equations for photosynthesis and respiration.
A

Photosynthesis: H2O + CO2 + energy > C6H12O6 + O2

Respiration: C6H12O6 + O2 > H2O + CO2 + energy

18
Q 
18. Identify the following molecules: 
H20 = \_\_\_\_\_
CO2 = \_\_\_\_\_
C6H12O6 = \_\_\_\_\_
O2 = \_\_\_\_\_
A 
H20= water
CO2= carbon dioxide
C6H12O6= sugar/glucose
O2= oxygen molecule
19
Q
  1. In a closed system, how will the mass before the chemical reaction compare to the mass after the reation according to the Law of Conservation of mass?

Why does this not always occur in an open system?

A

It will be the same.

If a gas forms it can be lost in the air if it is not trapped.

20
Q
  1. What is the difference between the atomic # and the atomic mass?
A

Mass = protons + neutrons

Atomic #= protons only

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