Chemistry

Question 1

What is Chemistry:

Answer 1

The science that deals with the composition, structure, and properties of matter and with how matter changes under different conditions.

Question 2

What are the 2 branches of chemistry:

Answer 2

Organic and inorganic.

Question 3

What is organic chemistry:

Answer 3

The study of substances that contain carbon. All things that has ever been alive. Gasoline, plastics, synthetic fabrics, pesticides, fertilizers. these products are from natural gas and oil, which are the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago.

Question 4

What is inorganic chemistry:

Answer 4

A branch of chemistry dealing with the compounds that do not contain carbon. Never were alive. Metals, minerals,pure water, clean air….

Question 5

Matter:

Answer 5

Is any substance that occupies space and has mass (weight).

Question 6

Elements:

Answer 6

Is the simplest form of matter and cannot be broken down into simpler substance without loss of identity. There are 90 natural occurring elements.

Question 7

Atoms:

Answer 7

Are the structural units that make up elements. Atoms are the particles from which all matter is composed. Smallest particle of an element that still retains the properties of that element.

Question 8

Molecule:

Answer 8

Is formed by joining two or more atoms chemically.

Question 9

What is pH:

Answer 9

(potential hydrogen) of a substance is its relative degree of acidity or alkalinity and is measured on a scale of 0 to 14.

Question 10

Acid mantle:

Answer 10

Protective lipids and secretions on top of the skin.

Question 11

Acid-alkali neutralization reactions:

Answer 11

When an acid is mixed with an alkali, also called a base, in equal proportions to neutralize each other and form water and a salt.

Question 12

Acids:

Answer 12

Substances that have a pH below 7.0, taste sour.

Question 13

Alkalies:

Answer 13

Substances that have a pH above 7.0, taste bitter.

Question 14

Antioxidants:

Answer 14

Free radical scavengers, vitamins, and ingredients. Antioxidants also inhibit oxidation. They are used both to help the condition of the skin and to stop the oxidation that causes products to turn rancid and spoil.

Question 15

Combustion:

Answer 15

Rapid oxidation of any substance, accompanied but he production of heat and light.

Question 16

Emulsions:

Answer 16

An unstable mixture of two or more immiscible substances united with the aid of an emulsifier.

Question 17

Free radicals:

Answer 17

“super” oxidizers that cause an oxidation reaction and produce a new free radical in the process. Free radicals are unstable and can damage DNA, causing inflammation and disease in the body.

Question 18

Immiscible:

Answer 18

Not capable of being mixed.

Question 19

Lipophilic:

Answer 19

Have an affinity or attraction to fat and oils.

Question 20

Miscible:

Answer 20

Capable of being mixed with another liquid in any proportion without separating.

Question 21

Solute:

Answer 21

A substance that is dissolved by a solvent to form a solution.

Question 22

Solvent:

Answer 22

A substance that dissolves another substance to form a solution.

Question 23

Surfactants:

Answer 23

Surface active agents that reduce surface tension between the skin and the product to increase product spreadability. Also allow oil and what to mix; detergents and emulsifiers.

Question 24

Suspensions:

Answer 24

State in which solid particles are distributed throughout a liquid medium.