Chemistry Flashcards
A measure of the amount of matter an object contains; it stays the same regardless of the changes in the objects position.
Mass
Consists of chemical elements in pure form and in combinations called compounds. Anything that takes up space and has a mass.
Matter
Is the measure of how strongly an object is being pickled by earths gravity, and it varies with distance from the earths center.
Weight.
Lipids which have four fused carbon rings with various functional groups attached. Is the precursor to many other steroids including vertebrate sex hormones and bile acids. Is a common component of animal cell membrane. Can contribute to atherosclerosis.
Steroids.
Is a polymer of amino acids. Twenty kinds of amino acids are used in this structure.
Proteins
Has a carboxyl end (COOH) and an amino end (NH2), as well as a variable R group. Twenty kinds of this are used in protein structure.
Amino acids
Two + amino acids is a
Peptide
Is a formed between the amino group (NH2) of one amino acid and carboxyl group (COOH) of the next.
Peptide bond
Primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure, and quaternary structure are all what?
Levels of protein structure
The order of the amino acids in the peptide. (Which amino acid something has)
Primary structure
Is a coiled or folded shape held together by [hydrogen bonds].
Secondary structure
Is formed by further bending and folding. (Can fold twice) (due to hydrogen bonding) (no branching then structure stops here)
Tertiary structure
Between two or more polypeptide chains. (Due to hydrogen bonding) (if branching continues then go here)
Quaternary structure.
Refers to its overall shape. It cannot fiction properly if it’s shape is altered.
Protein conformation
A protein using heat or changes in pH causes it to unravel and often destroys it.
Denaturing
