Chemistry 2.2 - Keywords Flashcards
What is a Atomic orbital?
A region around the nucleus that can hold up to two electrons, with opposite spins
What is AUFBAU principle?
The idea that electrons enter the lowest available energy level
What is pauli’s exclusion principle?
The idea that the two electrons can go in each orbital, providing they are of opposite spin
What is Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity?
When in orbitals of equal energy, electrons will try to remain unpaired.
They will later pair up when there is no more space
What is Ionic bonding
The electrostatic attraction between positively and negatively charged ions
What is covalent bonding
The strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms
What is dative covalent bonding?
There is one pair of shared electrons between two atoms. Both of these electrons come from ONE atom
What is the electron repulsion theory?
The idea that the shape adopted by a simple molecule or ion is that which keeps repulsive forces forces to a minimum
What is meant by electronegativity?
The ability of an atom to attract the bonding electrons in a covalent bond towards itself
What is an intermolecular force?
The forces between different molecules within a substance
What are the 3 types of intermolecular force?
Induced - dipole dipole interaction
Permanent dipole - dipole interaction
Hydrogen bonding
