Chemistry

Question 1

Element

Answer 1

a substance made of one atom

Question 2

Carbon (C)

Answer 2

the backbone of all organic molecules

Question 3

Oxygen (O)

Answer 3

part of water & needed for cellular respiration

Question 4

Hydrogen (H)

Answer 4

found in nearly every compound in the body

Question 5

Nitrogen (N)

Answer 5

parts of proteins and nucleic acids

Question 6

Calcium (Ca)

Answer 6

bones, teeth, used in nerve impulses and signals muscles to contract

Question 7

Phosphorus (P)

Answer 7

bones, teeth, nucleic acids, and ATP

Question 8

Trace Elements

Answer 8

minerals present in living tissues in small amounts

Question 9

Protons

Answer 9

positive, identity

Question 10

Neutrons

Answer 10

neutral, mass/weight

Question 11

Electrons

Answer 11

negative, bonds with other atoms

Question 12

Neutral Atom

Answer 12

atoms with an equal number of protons and electrons

Question 13

Ion

Answer 13

an atom with an electric charge

Question 14

Effect of losing an electron

Answer 14

becomes a cation

Question 15

Effect of gaining an electron

Answer 15

becomes an anion

Question 16

Electrolytes

Answer 16

minerals found in your blood with an electric charge

Question 17

Compound

Answer 17

chemically bonded material

Question 18

Mixture

Answer 18

none chemically bonded material

Question 19

Ionic Bond

Answer 19

when oppositely charged ions are attracted to each other

Question 20

Covalent Bonds

Answer 20

Shared valence electron pairs

Question 21

Single Covalent Bond

Answer 21

atom shares one pair of valence electrons

Question 22

Double Covalent Bond

Answer 22

atom shared two pairs of valence electrons

Question 23

Triple Covalent Bond

Answer 23

atom shares three pairs of valence electrons

Question 24

Polarity

Answer 24

when an atom has two opposite poles that either attract or repel each other

Question 25

Hydrogen Bond

Answer 25

occurs wheb opposite charges of two polar compounds attract each other

Question 26

Cohesion

Answer 26

the attraction between water molecules

Question 27

Adhesion

Answer 27

the attraction of water molecules to the container they're in

Question 28

Heat Capacity

Answer 28

the amount of energy required to raise the temp.

Question 29

Universal Solvent

Answer 29

water

Question 30

Solutes

Answer 30

what's being dissolved in water

Question 31

Solution

Answer 31

the product after the solute dissolves

Question 32

Acids

Answer 32

higher amounts of H+ ions

Question 33

Bases

Answer 33

higher amounts of OH- ions

Question 34

Neutral Solutions

Answer 34

equal amounts of H+ and OH- ions

Question 35

pH Scale

Answer 35

measures the concentration of H+ in a solution

Question 36

Stomach Acid

Answer 36

1

Question 37

Saliva

Answer 37

6

Question 38

Blood

Answer 38

7.35-7.45

Question 39

Sweat

Answer 39

4-6.8

Question 40

Buffer System

Answer 40

Absorbs increases of H+ or OH- ions