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Extension Science YR9 > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a Chemical Reaction?

A

When an old substance dissapears and a new substance is formed

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2
Q

What part of a chemical reaction is called the reactant/s?

A

Old substances

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3
Q

What part of a chemical reaction is called the product?

A

A product is when a new substance or substances are created

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4
Q

What is the simplest form of a chemical equation?

A

Reactants —> Products

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5
Q

What does a number below a letter show?

A

How many atoms of that element there are

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6
Q

What does a number infront of whole equation show?

A

How many products there are

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7
Q

What type of reaction includes burning with oxygen to release light and heat? Eg. Burning a match

A

Combustion

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8
Q

What reaction is a series of chemical reactions that uses sunlight to convert water and carbon into oxygen and glucose?

A

Photosynthesis (Carbon Dioxide + Water —> Oxygen +Glucose)

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9
Q

What reaction is linked to Photosynthesis and is a chemical reaction that converts oxygen and glucose into Carbon dioxide and water whilst releasing energy?

A

Respiration (Glucose + Oxygen —> Carbon Dioxide + Water Vapour + Energy)

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10
Q

What type of reaction is a chemical reaction that causes metal to react with water and oxygen. (Iron + Water + Oxygen —> Iron Oxide

A

Corrosion (Iron oxide = Rust)

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11
Q

Which process is an anaerobic process that is carried out by microorganisms like yeast and bacteria?

A

Fermentation. This process is used in food production (bread, wine) and biofuel production (Ethanol). Glucose ———> Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide
Yeast

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12
Q

What does the term Anaerobic mean?

A

A reaction that has used NO Oxygen

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13
Q

What does the term Aerobic mean?

A

A reaction that HAS used Oxygen

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14
Q

At the end of an elements equation (eg. Water = H2O) what does a small ‘aq’ mean?

A

A small ‘aq’ means that it CAN dissolve in water

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15
Q

All molecules in a compound are identical in size and shape, and have the same number of atoms. This is a define for what chemistry term?

A

A compound

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16
Q

What do scientists use to represent the molecules of a compound? This also describes how many atoms make up the molecule

A

A molecular formula

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17
Q

What is needed to have a complete combustion?

A

Plenty of Oxygen

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18
Q

What makes an incomplete combustion, incomplete?

A

The scarcity of Oxygen

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19
Q

What does an incomplete combustion create?

A

It creates Carbon Monoxide which if it gets into your lungs, can restrict the flow of oxygen to your brain causing death

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20
Q

What does an Incomplete combustion form that is very visible to the naked eye and can make things look black?

A

Carbon Soot is formed when an incomplete combustion has taken place. Often found on the bottom of Bunsen burner gauzes

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21
Q

What does Exothermic mean?

A

Exo = Outside
Thermic = Heat

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22
Q

Reactions that release heat energy into the environment are called what? (Burning of a fuel with oxygen release heat)

A

Exothermic Reactions

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23
Q

What does Endothermic mean?

A

Endo = Inside
Thermic + Heat
(Uses Heat energy)

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24
Q

Reactions that take in heat energy is what type of reaction? (eg. Photosynthesis making sugar)

A

Endothermic reactions

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25
Q

Methane is the primary component of natural gas. What is Methane used for?

A

Making electricity and heat for homes

26
Q

What is an example of a carbohydrate and equation is C6H12O6?

A

Glucose

27
Q

Glucose is created in which chemical reaction?

A

Photosynthesis

28
Q

What is commonly used as a biofuel additive in gasoline to reduce greenhouse gasses?

A

Ethanol

29
Q

Ethanol is a type of what that needs to ferment?

A

Alcohol

30
Q

What is a clean-burning fuel for residential and commercial heating, cooking, and powering appliances?

A

Propane (C3H8)

31
Q

What does it mean to balance an equation?

A

To have the same amount of atoms and molecules in the product as well as the reactants

32
Q

What is commonly used as a rocket propellant due to its high energy content?

A

Hydrazine (N4H4)

33
Q

What is the smallest part of an element called?

A

An Atom

34
Q

What is a group of atoms bonded together called?

A

A molecule

35
Q

What is it called when an attractive force holds atom together?

A

A chemical bond

36
Q

What key term’s definition states “A combination of substances that can be physically separated.”

A

A mixture

37
Q

What is a change in matter that does not from any new substances?

A

Physical Change

38
Q

What is a chemical change?

A

A change in matter that forms one or more new substances.

39
Q

What is a chemical change?

A

A change in matter that forms one or more new substances.

40
Q

What are the three main clues that tell you that a chemical reaction has just occurred?

A

The mixture forms a precipitate, a gas is given off and the mixture becomes very hot

41
Q

What are the three main clues that tell you that a chemical reaction has just occurred?

A

The mixture forms a precipitate, a gas is given off and the mixture becomes very hot

42
Q

What is an Ion?

A

An Ion is a charged atom

43
Q

When is Carbon Soot present during a reaction?

A

It’s only present in an incomplete combustion reaction

44
Q

What is the element symbol of Sodium?

A

Na

45
Q

What is an aqueous base?

A

A pH of above 7 (slippery, bitter)

46
Q

True or False: All alkalis are bases

A

True

47
Q

True or False: An alkali is a base that dissolves in water

A

True

48
Q

(Acid + Alkali -> Salt + Water) is known as a ‘what’ reaction?

A

Neutralisation reaction

49
Q

What is Titration?

A

Measures the exact amount of particles in a chemical reaction

50
Q

Neutralisation

A

To make something ineffective by applying an opposite force or effect

51
Q

Adding an alkali does what to the pH?

A

Raises pH

52
Q

-

A

-

53
Q

What happens to the pH when acid has been added to an alkali?

A

Lowers pH

54
Q

What does Hydrochloric acid create?

A

Chloride (salt)

55
Q

What does Nitric acid create?

A

Nitrate (salt)

56
Q

What does Sulfuric acid create?

A

Sulfate (salt)

57
Q

What effect do carbonates have on acids (producing salt)?

A

They neutralise them

58
Q

Metal + water -> ?

A

Metal Oxide

59
Q

Metal + Acid -> ?

A

Salt + Hydrogen

60
Q

Acid + Base -> ?

A

Salt + water

61
Q

Acid + carbonate -> ?

A

Salt + water + carbon dioxide

Extension Science YR9 (3 decks)

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