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Extension Science YR9 > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Chemical Reaction?

A

When an old substance dissapears and a new substance is formed

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2
Q

What part of a chemical reaction is called the reactant/s?

A

Old substances

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3
Q

What part of a chemical reaction is called the product?

A

A product is when a new substance or substances are created

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4
Q

What is the simplest form of a chemical equation?

A

Reactants —> Products

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5
Q

What does a number below a letter show?

A

How many atoms of that element there are

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6
Q

What does a number infront of whole equation show?

A

How many products there are

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7
Q

What type of reaction includes burning with oxygen to release light and heat? Eg. Burning a match

A

Combustion

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8
Q

What reaction is a series of chemical reactions that uses sunlight to convert water and carbon into oxygen and glucose?

A

Photosynthesis (Carbon Dioxide + Water —> Oxygen +Glucose)

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9
Q

What reaction is linked to Photosynthesis and is a chemical reaction that converts oxygen and glucose into Carbon dioxide and water whilst releasing energy?

A

Respiration (Glucose + Oxygen —> Carbon Dioxide + Water Vapour + Energy)

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10
Q

What type of reaction is a chemical reaction that causes metal to react with water and oxygen. (Iron + Water + Oxygen —> Iron Oxide

A

Corrosion (Iron oxide = Rust)

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11
Q

Which process is an anaerobic process that is carried out by microorganisms like yeast and bacteria?

A

Fermentation. This process is used in food production (bread, wine) and biofuel production (Ethanol). Glucose ———> Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide
Yeast

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12
Q

What does the term Anaerobic mean?

A

A reaction that has used NO Oxygen

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13
Q

What does the term Aerobic mean?

A

A reaction that HAS used Oxygen

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14
Q

At the end of an elements equation (eg. Water = H2O) what does a small ‘aq’ mean?

A

A small ‘aq’ means that it CAN dissolve in water

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15
Q

All molecules in a compound are identical in size and shape, and have the same number of atoms. This is a define for what chemistry term?

A

A compound

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16
Q

What do scientists use to represent the molecules of a compound? This also describes how many atoms make up the molecule

A

A molecular formula

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17
Q

What is needed to have a complete combustion?

A

Plenty of Oxygen

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18
Q

What makes an incomplete combustion, incomplete?

A

The scarcity of Oxygen

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19
Q

What does an incomplete combustion create?

A

It creates Carbon Monoxide which if it gets into your lungs, can restrict the flow of oxygen to your brain causing death

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20
Q

What does an Incomplete combustion form that is very visible to the naked eye and can make things look black?

A

Carbon Soot is formed when an incomplete combustion has taken place. Often found on the bottom of Bunsen burner gauzes

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21
Q

What does Exothermic mean?

A

Exo = Outside
Thermic = Heat

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22
Q

Reactions that release heat energy into the environment are called what? (Burning of a fuel with oxygen release heat)

A

Exothermic Reactions

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23
Q

What does Endothermic mean?

A

Endo = Inside
Thermic + Heat
(Uses Heat energy)

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24
Q

Reactions that take in heat energy is what type of reaction? (eg. Photosynthesis making sugar)

A

Endothermic reactions

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25
Methane is the primary component of natural gas. What is Methane used for?
Making electricity and heat for homes
26
What is an example of a carbohydrate and equation is C6H12O6?
Glucose
27
Glucose is created in which chemical reaction?
Photosynthesis
28
What is commonly used as a biofuel additive in gasoline to reduce greenhouse gasses?
Ethanol
29
Ethanol is a type of what that needs to ferment?
Alcohol
30
What is a clean-burning fuel for residential and commercial heating, cooking, and powering appliances?
Propane (C3H8)
31
What does it mean to balance an equation?
To have the same amount of atoms and molecules in the product as well as the reactants
32
What is commonly used as a rocket propellant due to its high energy content?
Hydrazine (N4H4)
33
What is the smallest part of an element called?
An Atom
34
What is a group of atoms bonded together called?
A molecule
35
What is it called when an attractive force holds atom together?
A chemical bond
36
What key term’s definition states “A combination of substances that can be physically separated.”
A mixture
37
What is a change in matter that does not from any new substances?
Physical Change
38
What is a chemical change?
A change in matter that forms one or more new substances.
39
What is a chemical change?
A change in matter that forms one or more new substances.
40
What are the three main clues that tell you that a chemical reaction has just occurred?
The mixture forms a precipitate, a gas is given off and the mixture becomes very hot
41
What are the three main clues that tell you that a chemical reaction has just occurred?
The mixture forms a precipitate, a gas is given off and the mixture becomes very hot
42
What is an Ion?
An Ion is a charged atom
43
When is Carbon Soot present during a reaction?
It’s only present in an incomplete combustion reaction
44
What is the element symbol of Sodium?
Na
45
What is an aqueous base?
A pH of above 7 (slippery, bitter)
46
True or False: All alkalis are bases
True
47
True or False: An alkali is a base that dissolves in water
True
48
(Acid + Alkali -> Salt + Water) is known as a ‘what’ reaction?
Neutralisation reaction
49
What is Titration?
Measures the exact amount of particles in a chemical reaction
50
Neutralisation
To make something ineffective by applying an opposite force or effect
51
Adding an alkali does what to the pH?
Raises pH
52
-
-
53
What happens to the pH when acid has been added to an alkali?
Lowers pH
54
What does Hydrochloric acid create?
Chloride (salt)
55
What does Nitric acid create?
Nitrate (salt)
56
What does Sulfuric acid create?
Sulfate (salt)
57
What effect do carbonates have on acids (producing salt)?
They neutralise them
58
Metal + water -> ?
Metal Oxide
59
Metal + Acid -> ?
Salt + Hydrogen
60
Acid + Base -> ?
Salt + water
61
Acid + carbonate -> ?
Salt + water + carbon dioxide

Extension Science YR9 (3 decks)

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