Chemistry Flashcards
What does the reactivity series of metals show?
The reactivity series shows metals in order of decreasing reactivity. The more reactive a metal, the more vigorously it reacts and the more easily it forms positive ions.
What is formed when a metal reacts with water?
A metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas are formed.
Example: 2Na(s) + 2H₂O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H₂(g)
What products are formed when a metal reacts with a dilute acid?
A salt and hydrogen gas are formed.
Example: Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl₂(aq) + H₂(g)
Complete the equation: metal + oxygen → _______
Metal oxide
Complete the equation: metal + water → _______ + _______
Metal hydroxide + hydrogen
Complete the equation: metal + acid → _______ + _______
Salt + hydrogen
What determines the position of a metal in the reactivity series?
The tendency of a metal to lose electrons and form positive ions determines its position in the reactivity series. More reactive metals lose electrons more easily.
How can the reactivity series predict metal reactions?
The reactivity series can predict that a more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal from its compounds.
What is the order of metals in the reactivity series from most reactive to least reactive?
A common order from most to least reactive: Potassium (K), Sodium (Na), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Aluminium (Al), Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe), Lead (Pb), Hydrogen (H), Copper (Cu), Silver (Ag), Gold (Au).
What is a synthesis reaction?
A synthesis reaction is a reaction in which two or more reactants chemically bond and combine to form a product. It is also known as a combination reaction.
What happens when sodium reacts with chlorine?
Sodium reacts with chlorine to form sodium chloride (table salt).
Example: 2 Na (s) + Cl₂ (g) → 2 NaCl (s)
What is an example of a double displacement reaction involving hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide?
HCl + NaOH → H₂O + NaCl
What is a double displacement reaction?
A double displacement reaction, also known as an exchange reaction, occurs when two compounds swap components to form two new compounds. The general format is AB + CD → AD + CB.
What happens when sodium hydroxide (NaOH) reacts with sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)?
NaOH + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + H₂O
What is a combustion reaction?
A combustion reaction is a chemical reaction where a substance combines with oxygen, releasing heat and forming carbon dioxide and water.
