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SCIENCE 10 > CHEMISTRY > Flashcards

CHEMISTRY Flashcards

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1
Q

Which is an example of how chemical
reactions are used?

A
  • Putting out fires.
  • Reducing pollution.
  • Preventing rust.
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2
Q

A company wants to make better plastic.
They know that changing reaction rates can
affect the plastic’s strength and flexibility.
What should they do?

A

Control the reaction rates

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3
Q

A food company wants to keep their food
fresh longer. They know that cold
temperatures slow down spoilage. What
should they do?

A

Make it colder.

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4
Q

A plastic company wants to make stronger,
more flexible products. They know reaction
rates can affect this. What should they do?

A

Speed up the reaction.

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5
Q

Firefighters are trying to put out a big fire.
They know that removing oxygen or cooling
things down can slow the fire. What should
they do?

A

Remove oxygen or cool things down.

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6
Q

A car company wants to reduce pollution
from their cars. They know that catalytic
converters can speed up reactions to make
pollution less harmful. What should they
do?

A

Speed up the reactions

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7
Q

A company wants to prevent rust on their
buildings. They know that coatings can slow
down rust. What should they do?

A

Slow down the reaction

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8
Q

An engineer is worried about a bridge
rusting. They know that coatings or using a
more reactive metal can slow rust. What else
could they do?

A

Use a more reactive metal.

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9
Q

To stop a sliced apple from turning brown,
which actions would slow down this
reaction?

A

Coat the apple slices with lemon juice

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10
Q

Which scenario correctly shows how
chemical reaction rates are used in everyday
life?

A

Coating metal to slow down rust.

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11
Q

Which action would most effectively improve
air quality in a house?

A

Use natural cleaning products

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12
Q

In a small kitchen fire, which method would
be most effective in putting out the fire?

A

Use a fire extinguisher or baking soda.

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13
Q

What can make the air inside a house
cleaner?

A

Choosing natural cleaning products
instead of ones with chemicals.

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14
Q

What’s the best way to put out a small fire in
the kitchen?

A

Using a fire extinguisher or baking soda
to cover the fire

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15
Q

What does Boyle’s Law say about gas volume
and pressure?

A

Volume and pressure are inversely
proportional at constant gas amount.

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16
Q

What happens to gas volume if temperature
increases at constant pressure (Charles’s
Law)?

A

Volume increases.

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17
Q

How does the kinetic molecular theory
describe gas behavior?

A

Gas particles move randomly, pressure is
due to particle collisions with container
walls.

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18
Q

What happens to gas pressure when volume
increases at constant temperature (kinetic
molecular theory)?

A

Pressure decreases due to less frequent
collisions.

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19
Q

A gas in a sealed vessel has a volume of 2.0L
and pressure of 1.0atm. If pressure
increases to 2.0atm at constant
temperature, what is the new volume
(Boyle’s Law: 𝑃1𝑉1 = 𝑃2𝑉2)?

A

1.0 L

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20
Q

A balloon has a gas volume of 3.0 liters at
300K. If room temperature increases to
600K at constant pressure, what is the new
gas volume (Charles’s Law)?

A

6.0 L

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21
Q

A scuba divers oxygen tank has a gas volume
of 6.0 liters at 5.0 atm. If pressure falls to 2.5
atm, what is the new gas volume?

A

12.0 L

22
Q

A scientist has a sealed container with a
gas volume of 10 L and pressure of 5 atm. If
volume changes to 20 L at constant
temperature, what is the new pressure
(Boyle’s Law: 𝑃1𝑉1 = 𝑃2𝑉2 )?

A

2.5 atm

23
Q

A hot air balloon is filled with air. If the air is
heated, what happens to the gas particles
(kinetic molecular theory)?

A

Particles stop moving, balloon size
doesn’t change.

24
Q

If decreasing gas volume increases pressure,
which gas law is confirmed?

A

Boyle’s Law

25
Q

If a sealed gas container is heated at
constant volume, how does pressure change
(kinetic molecular theory and Charles’s
Law)?

A

Pressure increases due to faster, more
forceful particle collisions.

26
Q

If gas volume decreases at constant
temperature, what happens to pressure
(Boyle’s Law)?

A

Pressure increases due to more frequent
collisions.

27
Q

If a gas in a sealed container is heated at
constant volume, how does pressure change
(kinetic molecular theory and Charles’s
Law)?

A

Pressure increases due to faster, more
forceful particle collisions.

28
Q

What are biomolecules?

A

Essential organic life building blocks.

29
Q

What do carbohydrates do in organisms?

A

Provide energy.

30
Q

What biomolecule is hydrophobic and stores
energy?

A

Lipids

31
Q

What biomolecule catalyzes metabolic
reactions?

A

Proteins

32
Q

What describes carbohydrates’ structure?

A

Range from small monosaccharides to
large polysaccharides.

33
Q

What biomolecule is composed of
nucleotides?

A

Nucleic acids

34
Q

What biomolecule contains genetic
information?

A

Nucleic acids

35
Q

What biomolecule provides quick energy for
workouts?

A

Carbohydrates

36
Q

What biomolecule is hydrophobic and stores
energy?

A

Lipids

37
Q

Why are lipids important?

A

Store energy, keep warm, send cell
signals.

38
Q

What is the formula for water and what do
the elements represent?

A

H2O; Hydrogen and Oxygen

39
Q

Which principle ensures equal atoms of each
element on both sides of a chemical
equation?

A

Conservation of Mass

40
Q

How many sodium and chlorine ions or
atoms are in NaCl?

A

One sodium, one chlorine

41
Q

What does ‘2’ before O2 in CH4 + 2O2 → CO2
+ 2H2O mean?

A

Two oxygen molecules react

42
Q

What type of reaction is AgNO3 + NaCl →
AgCl + NaNO3?

A

Double replacement

43
Q

What’s the correct balanced equation for H2
+ O2 -> H2O?

A

2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O

44
Q

How would you balance NaCl + AgNO3 ->
AgCl + NaNO3?

A

NaCl + AgNO3 -> AgCl + NaNO3

45
Q

What’s the correct balanced equation for Ca
(OH)2 + H3PO4 -> Ca3(PO4)2 + H2O?

A

3Ca (OH)2 + 2H3PO4 -> Ca3(PO4)2 + 6H2O

46
Q

What is an example of a double displacement
reaction?

A

AgNO3 + NaCl -> AgCl + NaNO3

47
Q

What is an example of a decomposition
reaction?

A

2H2O -> 2H2 + O2

48
Q

What’s an example of a synthesis reaction?

A

2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O

49
Q

What is the common name for NaCl?

A

Table salt

50
Q

If a cake recipe calls for 200 g of flour, 150 g
of sugar, 100 g of butter, and other
ingredients weighing 50 g, what should be
the approximate weight of the cake?

A

500 g

SCIENCE 10 (2 decks)

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