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OAT > chemistry > Flashcards

chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

accuracy

A

refers to a measurement giving the actual value for the sample w/ a limited deviation

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2
Q

precision

A

the repeatability of a set of measurements on the same sample

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3
Q

test tubes

A

relatively small & allow a large # of samples to be arrayed in a rack for easy processing

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4
Q

beakers

A

wide mouth cylinders w/ a lip to allow pouring

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5
Q

erlenmeyer flasks

A

tapered & therefore minimize accidental spills

neck is able to be clamped in place

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6
Q

round bottom flasks

A

used for reaction, heating, or vacuum applications

can fit into heating mantle

neck is able to be clamped in place

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7
Q

retort

A

round vacuum flask w/ a long neck that extends to the side

used for distillation & must be placed in a ring stand

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8
Q

extraction flask

A

aka separatory funnel

teardrop shaped flask w/ ground glass stopper at the top and the stopcock at the bottom

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9
Q

transfer pipets

A

made of plastic

have an integral bulb at the top

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10
Q

pasteur pipets

A

made of glass w/ a long tapered tip & require a separate rubber pipet bulb

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11
Q

bell jars

A

used to contain vacuums

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12
Q

watch glasses

A

aka evaporating dishes

shallow glass plates used as evaporating surfaces or to cover beakers

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13
Q

calibrated glassware

A

should be used for any lab experiment that requires accuracy & precision

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14
Q

graduated cylinder

A

a tall, narrow tube w/ volume markings increasing from bottom to top and a lip at the top for pouring

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15
Q

meniscus

A

concave or convex depending on liquid

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16
Q

buret

A

long tube that is clamped in place vertically w/ a stopcock at the bottom

useful with liquids are to be dispensed slowly or dropwise

used to make solutions and perform titration

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17
Q

graduated pipet

A

handheld and controlled by a pipet bulb that maintains a slight vacuum at the top of the pipet

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18
Q

volumetric pipets

A

have a large bulge in the middle of the tube & deliver a single established volume of liquid w/ accuracy and precision

19
Q

volumetric flask

A

used to make solutions that require a specific volume of liquid, such as molar solutions

20
Q

pH meter

A

an important piece of measurement equipment consisting of a glass probe and an electronic meter

21
Q

litmus paper

A

can be used to quickly determine pH

less accurate than pH meter`

22
Q

standard lab balances

A

used when weights are in the milligram range & require accuracy to w/in +/- 0.5 mg

23
Q

analytical balances

A

used for much more sensitive weighing applications, w/ accuracy to +/- 0.01 mg

24
Q

calorimetry

A

a way to measure the energy content of a substance

25
Q

bomb calorimetry

A

one of the most common versions of calorimetry

26
Q

atom

A

basic building block of matter representing the smallest unit of a chemical element

27
Q

subatomic particles

A

protons, neutrons, and electrons

28
Q

nucleus

A

central core of the atom
protons and neutrons

29
Q

orbitals

A

outside of the nucleus

where electrons are

30
Q

elements

A

composed of very small particles called atoms

atoms from one element are different from atoms of all other elements

31
Q

isotopes

A

atoms of the same element w/ different masses due to different # of neutrons

32
Q

compounds

A

composed of atoms of more than one element

33
Q

chemical reaction

A

involves separation, combination, or rearrangement of atoms

does not result in creation or destruction of atoms

34
Q

atomic number

A

equal to the # of protons found in an atom of that element

35
Q

valence electrons

A

electrons in the electron shell farthest from the nucleus

36
Q

ion

A

+ or - charge on an atom due to loss or gain of electrons

37
Q

mass number (A)

A

equal to the total number of nucleons (protons & neutrons)

mass # (A) = # of protons + number of neutrons

38
Q

molecular weight

A

the weight in grams per one mole of a given element

39
Q

mole

A

unit to count particles and is represented by avagadro’s # (6.02x10^23)

40
Q

quantum theory

A

proposed by max planck in 1900

energy emitted as electromagnetic radiation from matter comes in discrete bundles called quanta

41
Q

energy value of quantum

A

E = hf

h is planck’s constant (6.626x10^-34 J*s

f is the frequency of radiation

42
Q

angular momentum

A

L = mvr

43
Q

kinetic energy

A

(KE = (mv^2)/2)

44
Q
A

OAT (4 decks)

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