chemistry

Question 1

Define WHMIS

Answer 1

Workplace hazardous materials information system

Question 2

What does MSDS stand for

Answer 2

Material Safety Data Sheets

Question 3

Define physical change

Answer 3

A change that changes the substance without changing its composition.

Question 4

Whats a physical property?

Answer 4

Things we can observe with our senses (eg how it looks, feels)

Question 5

What are some physical properties?

Answer 5

1. boiling/ condensation point
2. melting/freezing point
3. malleability
4. ductility
5. colour
6. solubility
   7.crystal formation
7. conductivity
8. state
9. magnetism

Question 6

What is a chemical change?

Answer 6

Creating a new substance with new properties

Question 7

Define chemical property

Answer 7

How it reacts with another substance

Question 8

What are some chemical properties?

Answer 8

1. ability to burn
2. flash point
3. reaction with oxygen
4. reaction with water
5. reactions with acids
6. reactions with heat
7. reactions to litmus

Question 9

define pure substance and name the types of pure substances

Answer 9

Pure substances are substances that only contain one kind of matter and cannot physically be broken down any further. They can be elements or compounds.

Question 10

Define mixture and give the types of mixtures

Answer 10

A mixture is a substance made of 2 or more pure substances. Mixtures are separated into heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures. Within the heterogeneous mixtures there are mechanical mixtures, suspensions and colloids, in the homogeneous mixtures there are solutions.

Question 11

Whats an atom?

Answer 11

The building blocks of matter. They cannot be broken down into simpler substances.

Question 12

Whats an element?

Answer 12

Elements are the names we give atoms with specific properties

Question 13

What are molecules?

Answer 13

Molecules are groups of atoms bonded together. These may be atoms of the same element

Question 14

Define compound

Answer 14

Compounds are chemical substances in which two or more DIFFERENT elements are bound together

Question 15

Whats the atomic number

Answer 15

The number of protons

Question 16

Whats the atomic mass

Answer 16

the sum of the protons and neutrons

Question 17

How do you find the number of neutrons

Answer 17

Since the atomic mass is the sum of protons and neutrons you would take away the amount of protons (atomic number) from the mass

Question 18

What are the charges of protons neurons and electrons?

Answer 18

Protons have a charge of +1

neutrons have a charge of 0

electrons have a charge of -1

Question 19

How do you find the number of electrons?

Answer 19

Since the number of electrons=the number of protons you use the number of protons. For example if there are 6 protons there are also 6 electrons

Question 20

What information do we get off of the periodic table?

Answer 20

An elements mass, each elements name and symbol, the amount of protons neutrons and electrons, its state at room temp and whether its a metal, non-metal or metalloid.

Question 21

What are characteristics of metals?

Answer 21

1. have a shiny, metallic lustre
2. good conductors of heat and electricity
3. malleable and ductile
4. solid at room temp (except mercury)

Question 22

What are some characteristics of non-metals?

Answer 22

1. dull
2. don’t conduct heat well, do not conduct electricity at all
3. any state at room temp

Question 23

What are some characteristics of metalloids ?

Answer 23

1. characteristics of both metals and nons
2. often brittle solids
3. conduct electricity but not as well as metals

Question 24

Whats an ionic vs molecular compound

Answer 24

ionic is metal + non metal

Molecular is non metal + non metal

Question 25

define valance

Answer 25

the electron/trons on the outer most shell

Question 26

what is reactivity caused by

Answer 26

the valance

Question 27

what are ions

Answer 27

Ions are atoms that have lost or gained electrons, resulting in either a positive (+) or negative (-) charge.

Question 28

what are anions

Answer 28

Anions are negatively charged (results from a gain of electrons)

Question 29

what are cations

Answer 29

Cations are positively charged (results from a loss of electrons)

Question 30

are metal atoms positive or negative

Answer 30

Metal atoms lose electrons to become positively charged cations

Question 31

are nonmetal ions positive or negative

Answer 31

non metal ions gain an electron to become negatively charged anions

Question 32

What are some properties of ionic compounds

Answer 32

1. high melting/boiling points
2. solid at room temp
3. dissolves in water
4. when dissolved in water, it will conduct electricity
5. Form crystal lattices not molecules

Question 33

how do you name an ionic compound?

Answer 33

the name of the metal roman numerals of what charge your using(if there’s more than one) name of non metal and replace the ending with ide.

Question 34

whats a polyatomic ion?

Answer 34

Polyatomic ions are a group of atoms combined together that exist as a single unit and have a charge.

Question 35

whats group 1 on the periodic table

Answer 35

Group 1 – is divided into hydrogen and the alkali metals. These are the most reactive metals and they react violently in air or water. Reactivity increases as you move down the group. they react best with the halogens

Question 36

what is group 2 on the periodic table

Answer 36

Group 2 – are the alkaline-earth metals. These metals also react with air and water, but are less reactive than alkali metals.

Question 37

what is group 17

Answer 37

Group 17 – are the halogens and are the most reactive of the non-metals. They tend to combine with other elements to make compounds.

Question 38

what is group 18

Answer 38

Group 18 – are the noble gases and are the most stable and unreactive of the elements.

Question 39

Why are ionic compounds solid at room temperature?

Answer 39

Ionic bonds are really strong, it takes lots of energy to break them