Chemistry Flashcards
Homogenous
a mixture of substances that has the same constant (Uniform) composition throughout the mixture. (Hard to separate) (Milk)
Hetrogenous
a mixture which is non-uniform, of which the particles of the substances in the mixture remain separate. (Easy to separate) (Milk and cereal)
Mixture
The combining of two or more substances
Pure substance
composed of a single element (Gold)
element
A pure substance that consists of the same type of atom (Oxygen)
Compound
A pure substance that consists of two or more types of atoms that have chemically bonded in a fixed ratio (NaCl- table salt)
Matter
The earth and everything on earth that has mass and takes up space
Boiling point
The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas/vapor and vise-versa
Melting point
The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid and vise-versa.
The kinetic molecular theory (KMT)
The theory assumes that gases consist of widely separated molecules of negligible volume that are in constant motion, colliding elastically with one another and the walls of their container with average velocities determined by their absolute temperatures.
3 types of chemical bonds
Covalent bonds, Ionic bonds and metal bonds.
What do Covalent bonds do
Share electrons between atoms to form a molecule. it is also between non-metals.
What do Ionic bonds do
transfer electrons between atoms to form cation and anions that attract each other to form a formula-unit. It is between metals and non-metals.
What do metal bonds do
they are metallic bonds that form between positive core ions and delocalized valence electrons in a metal. It is between metals.
Isotopes
atoms of the same element that have the same atomic mass number.
