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Chemistry > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

Isotopes

A

atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons

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2
Q

Exothermic

A

when energy is transferred to or from the surroundings.

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3
Q

Endothermic

A

when energy is taken in from the surroundings.

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4
Q

Exothermic examples

A

combustion reactions, many oxidation reactions, most neutralisation reactions

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5
Q

Endothermic examples

A

thermal decomposition reaction, the reaction of citric acid and sodium hydrogencarbonate.

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6
Q

Acids

A

substances that form hydrogen ions when dissolved in water.

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7
Q

Alkalis

A

substances that form hydroxide ions when dissolved in water.

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8
Q

Oxidation

A

a reaction which involves gaining oxygen, (involves losing electrons.)

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9
Q

Reactive metals react with cold water

A

Hydrogen gas and metal hydroxide is produced.

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10
Q

Reactivity series

A

Please -Potassium
Stop - Sodium
Calling - Calcium
Me - Magnesium
A - Aluminium
Careless - Carbon
Zebra - Zinc
Instead - Iron
Try - Tin
Learning - Lead
How - Hydrogen
Copper
Saves - Silver
Gold

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11
Q

Acids react with carbonates

A

makes salt, water and carbon dioxide.

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12
Q

Giant covalent structure

A

a structure in which very large numbers of atoms are joined together by covalent bonds.

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13
Q

Fullerenes

A

molecules made up of carbon atoms with hollow shapes.

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14
Q

Examples of giant covalent structure

A

diamond and graphite.

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15
Q

Examples of fullerenes

A

buckministerfullurene and nanotubes.

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16
Q

Graphene

A

single layer of graphite, the strong covalent bonds between the carbon atoms means that the graphene has a high melting point and is very strong.

17
Q

Graphite properties

A

high melting and boiling point, good electrical conductivity, soft.

18
Q

Metals that react with dilute acids

A

magnesium, aluminium, zinc, iron and lead.

19
Q

Metals that don’t react with dilute acids

A

copper, silver, gold and platinum.

20
Q

Titration

A

measures the volume of acid and alkali solution needed in a neutralistaion reaction.

21
Q

Cathode

A

Negatively charged electrode.

22
Q

Anode

A

Positively charged electrode.

23
Q

Cation

A

Positively charged ion.

24
Q

Anion

A

Positively charged electrode.

25
Q

OIL RIG

A

Oxidation Is Loss Reduction Is Gain.

26
Q

Why is carbon used to extract metals from oxide

A

Carbon is cheap and abundant.

27
Q

Produced at the cathode/ positive electrode

A

Hydrogen

28
Q

Produced at the anode/ negative electrode

A

Chlorine gas

Chemistry (6 decks)

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