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A-Level Applied Science > chemistry > Flashcards

chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the difference between alkalis and bases?

A

Alkalis are bases that are soluble in water

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2
Q

Describe and explain what happens to the conductivity of ionic solids when they dissolve.

A

Ions move freely, can conduct electricity

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3
Q

What is the formula when bases react with acids to neutralise them?

A

Base + Acid → Salt + water

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4
Q

When an acid is dissolved in water what ions are produced?

A

Hydrogen Ions

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5
Q

When an alkali is dissolved in water what ions are formed?

A

Hydroxide Ions

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6
Q

What type of donors are acids?

A

An acid is a proton donor (H+)

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7
Q

What type of acceptor is a base?

A

A base is a H+ acceptor

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8
Q

What type of acceptors are acids?

A

Acids are OH- Acceptors

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9
Q

What is the meaning of amphoteric?

A

When a substance can act as an acid and a base we call them amphoteric

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10
Q

What is another name for alumina?

A

Aluminium Oxide

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11
Q

In neutralisation equations, how do hydroxides and oxides show basic behaviour?

A

They accept proton (H+) Ions

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12
Q

How do antacids work?

A

Antacids work by neutralising the acid in the stomach

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13
Q

What must antacids contain?

A

Antacids must contain pulverised limestone (CaCO3) to their soil

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14
Q

What is the charge on a hydroxide ion?

A

-1

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15
Q

What is the charge on a hydrogen ion?

A

+1

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16
Q

What is a base?

A

A compound that reacts with an acid to form a salt and water

17
Q

What is an acid?

A

A compound containing hydrogen that dissociates in water to form hydrogen ions

18
Q

What is an alkali?

A

A base that dissolves in water to form hydroxide ions

19
Q

What is an anode?

A

An electrode that has a positive charge

20
Q

What is a cathode?

A

An electrode that is negative

21
Q

What is a Ligand?

A

A molecule or an ion that can donate a pair of electrons to a transition metal to form a dative bond

22
Q

What is the meaning of activation energy?

A

The minimum amount of energy required for a reaction to take place

23
Q

What is the meaning of refractory materials?

A

Materials that are physically and chemically stable at high temperatures

24
Q

What is the meaning of calcination?

A

Heating to high temperature to remove free and chemically bonded water

25
Q

What is alumina?

A

Otherwise known as aluminium oxide. This is another example of a refractory metal

26
Q

What is bauxite?

A

Aluminium core

27
Q

What is brine?

A

Aqueous sodium chloride

28
Q

What are flocculants?

A

Substances that cause particles to clump and so settle out a liquid

29
Q

What is sedimentation?

A

The process where the small solid particles settle at the bottom of a liquid

30
Q

What are transition metals?

A

Metal elements that can be found in the d block of the periodic table

31
Q

What is the haber process?

A

The process used to producing Ammonia

32
Q

What is the contact process?

A

The process used for producing Sulfuric acid

33
Q

what is rutile?

A

Rutile is titanium ore

A-Level Applied Science (3 decks)

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