Chemistry

Question 1

What is matter?

Answer 1

Anything that occupies space and has mass (air, water, trees)

Question 2

What is particle theory?

Answer 2

1. All matter is made of tiny particles
2. Different pure substances are made up of different types of particles
3. Particles are always in constant, random motion
4. The particles in a substance attract each other, the amount of attraction differs depending on the distance between the particles or state of matter 5. Particles move faster when heated

Question 3

What happens when a solid melts to a liquid?

Answer 3

When heat is added the particles vibrate faster until the particles are moving fast enough to change position

Question 4

What happens when a liquid freezes to a solid

Answer 4

As the temp drops the particles loose energy and move slowly, eventually they settle into fixed positions

Question 5

What happens when a liquid evaporates to a gas

Answer 5

When heated the particles move faster, eventually they have enough energy to overcome forces attracting them

Question 6

What appends when a gas changes to a liquid

Answer 6

As the temp drops the particles loose energy and move slower eventually it comes so slow it changes into a liquid

Question 7

What does an atom look like

Answer 7

Represented by a single sphere

Question 8

What does a molecule look like

Answer 8

Represented by two or more spheres joined together

Question 9

What do molecules of elements look like

Answer 9

Represented by two or more sphere of the same size and colour joined together

Question 10

What do molecules of compounds look like

Answer 10

Represented by two or more spheres of different sizes and colours joined together

Question 11

What is a pure substance

Answer 11

Contains only one kind of particle

Question 12

What is emulsions

Answer 12

A type of colloid where tiny drops of liquid are in another liquid

Question 13

What is a colloid

Answer 13

Mixture where solids or drops of liquid are suspended but they are so small they do not settle out

Question 14

What is density

Answer 14

How much mass an object contains

Question 15

What are physical properties

Answer 15

Description of substance made without chemically changing

Question 16

What are chemical properties

Answer 16

How the substance chemicals reacts with another substance

Question 17

What are quantitative properties

Answer 17

Characteristics that are measured

Question 18

What are qualitative properties

Answer 18

Descriptions made without measurement

Question 19

What is a physical change

Answer 19

A change in which no new substance is produced

Question 20

What is a chemical change

Answer 20

A new, chemically different substance is produced

Question 21

What is an element

Answer 21

Composed of only one type of atom

Question 22

What is a compound

Answer 22

Composed of two or more different types of atoms bonded together into molecules

Question 23

What is a non-metal

Answer 23

An element that does not have properties of a metal

Question 24

What is a metal

Answer 24

An element with metal properties

Question 25

What is a metalloid

Answer 25

Elements on the periodic table that have physical and chemical properties of both a metal and non-metal

Question 26

What are métalloïdes commonly used for

Answer 26

To make semiconductors, which are then used in computer chips

Question 27

What do subscripts in chemical formula tell us

Answer 27

It tells you how many atoms of each element are in the molecule

Question 28

How to find the neutrons of an atoms

Answer 28

Minus the atomic number by the atomic mass

Question 29

What are the parts of an atom

Answer 29

Nucleus, protons, electrons, neutrons

Question 30

Do atoms of metals like to lose or gain electrons

Answer 30

Lose

Question 31

Do atoms of non-metals like to gain or lose electrons

Answer 31

Gain

Question 32

List the properties of a metal

Answer 32

Shiny, solid at room temp, malleable, good conductors of heat and electricity

Question 33

List the properties of a non-metal

Answer 33

Dull, brittle, most are gases at room temp, poor conductors of heat and electricity

Question 34

List the properties of métalloïdes

Answer 34

Solid at room temp, brittle, ability to conduct electricity but not as well as metal

Question 35

Why do families in the periodic table have similar chemical properties

Answer 35

They have the same number of electrons in their outer shell so they tend to react the same with other substances

Question 36

How to calculate density + the other formulas

Answer 36

D=M/V M=VxD V=M/D

Question 37

What are some properties of matter

Answer 37

Texture, lustre, melting and boiling point, malleability, brittleness, ductility, solubility, viscosity, density

Question 38

What is a mixture

Answer 38

Two or more substances mixed together without chemically combing in any way

Question 39

What are solutions

Answer 39

Homogeneous components are distributed throughout but not chemically combined

Question 40

What are mechanical mixtures

Answer 40

Heterogeneous components are not distributed throughout

Question 41

Compare protons and electrons

Answer 41

Protons: -positive charge -part of the nucleus -heavy -mass is 1 Electrons: -negative charge -orbits around the nucleus -light -mass is 0

Question 42

How can you use the periodic table to determine how many shells an atom has

Answer 42

The rows or periods tell you the number of shells of electrons

Question 43

List the elements present in CaCO3

Answer 43

1 calcium 1 carbon 3 oxygen

Question 44

List the elements present in Fe2O3

Answer 44

2 iron 3 oxygen

Question 45

What is the difference between a molecule as an element and a molecule as a compound

Answer 45

A molecule as an element is 2 identical atoms that are connected example H2, a molecule that is a compound is 2 or more different elements example H2O

Question 46

Does the metal with the smallest atom react the fastest or slowest

Answer 46

Smallest metal is slowest

Question 47

Does the non-metal with the smallest atom react the fastest of slowest

Answer 47

Smallest non-metal is the fastest