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Final Exams > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Definitions! What is Matter?

A

Matter is anything that takes up space.

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2
Q

Definitions! What is Physical Property?

A

Physical Property is a property of matter not involving in its manifestation (chemical change)

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3
Q

Definitions! What is Density?

A

Density is the amount of mass in a substance per unit volume.

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4
Q

Definitions! What is Physical Change?

A

Physical Change is when a substance changes in form, but not in chemical composition.

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5
Q

Definitions! What is Mass?

A

Mass is the amount of matter or substance that makes up an object.

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6
Q

Definitions! What is Chemical Property?

A

Chemical Property is a property of a substance relating to its chemical reactivity.

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7
Q

Definitions! What is Chemical Change?

A

Chemical Change is what causes one or more new substances to be formed.

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8
Q

Definitions! What is Volume?

A

Volume is the amount of space taken up by a substance.

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9
Q

Definitions! What is Model?

A

Model is a physical, mathematical or conceptual representation of a system of ideas.

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10
Q

Definitions! What is Theory?

A

Theory is a group of linked ideas intended to explain something.

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11
Q

Definitions! What is KMT of Matter?

A

KMT of Matter is the rules that

  1. All matter is made of very small particles, called atoms or molecules
  2. There is empty space between particles
  3. Particles are constantly moving
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12
Q

Definitions! What is Electrons?

A

Electrons are located outside the nucleus it is a subatomic particle with a negative charge.

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13
Q

Definitions! What is Neutrons?

A

Neutrons are located in the nucleus it is a subatomic particle with a neutral charge.

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14
Q

Definitions! What is Nucleus?

A

Nucleus is the central core of an atom, that contains protons + neutrons.

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15
Q

Definitions! What is Atom?

A

Atom is the basic unit of a chemical element and the basic building block in chemistry.

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16
Q

Definitions! What is Protons?

A

Protons are located in the nucleus it is a subatomic particle with a positive charge.

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17
Q

What are some ways to describe matter?

A

Matter can be described by its physical properties.
Matter can be described by its chemical properties.
Matter can be described based on physical and chemical changes.
Matter can be classified based on how it responds to physical and chemical changes.

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18
Q

How does matter affect your life?

A

Everything—including you—is made up of chemicals.
Chemicals in your daily life have characteristics that make them useful, hazardous, or both.
Handling chemicals and equipment safely is important at school and at work.

19
Q

How can we describe and explain the states of matter?

A

Matter can be solid, liquid, or gas.
Matter is made of particles in constant motion.
Changes in state result from changes in particle motion.
The kinetic molecular theory explains physical changes and properties.

20
Q

How can we investigate and explain the composition of atoms?

A

Dalton developed an early atomic theory.
Many scientists contributed to the further development of atomic theory.
An atom is made up of electrons, neutrons, and protons.
Atomic theory continues to develop.

21
Q

Matter —> Pure Substance —> _____ + _____ —> Composed of ____ –>
That contain ____ + ____ + ____!

A
  1. Elements + Compound
  2. Composed of Atoms
  3. That Contain Protons + Neutrons + Electrons
21
Q

Different Transformation of States

Melting, Evaporation, Condensation, Solidification, Sublimation & Deposition

A 
Melting = Solid to Liquid
Evaporation = Liquid to Gas
Condensation = Gas to Liquid
Solidification = Liquid to Solid
Sublimation = Solid to Gas
Deposition = Gas to Solid
22
Q

What are the 3 states of matter?

A

Solid, Liquid & Gas

23
Q

What are 4 main statements from the KMT?

A
  1. Constant Movement
  2. Have Negligable Volume
  3. Random Movement
  4. Elastic Collisions
24
Q

What part of the atom takes up the most volume and has the most mass?

A

The Nucleus

25
Q

What is a compound?

A

Something that is made up of 2 or more elemnts.

26
Q

Difference bewteen Physical & Chemical Change?

A

In physical change the form of the matter changes & in chemical change a new substance forms in a chemical reaction.

27
Q

Using the KMT Describe how a solid can turn to a liquid?

A

When a solid’s particles heat up, they increase in temperature and gain kinetic energy. The particles asorb the kinetic energy as the solid changes to a liquid.

28
Q

What are 5 physical properties of water?

A

The colour, tempature, taste, odor & density.

29
Q

How is the periodic table organised?

A

The perodic table is organised by atomic mass as well as categories like metals or gases.

30
Q

What equation helps you find Density?

A

Equation is

Density = Mass Divided by Volume

31
Q

Difference between Qualitative and Quantitative Properties?

A

Qualitative can be described and compared using words

Quantitative can be measured and assigned a numerical value

32
Q

The Law of Conservation of Mass
• Antoine and Marie-Anne Lavoisier
It state that ______?

A

After a chemical reaction, the mass does not change at all.

33
Q

Matter can be either a?

A

Mixture or Pure Substance
Compounds
Elements

34
Q

What is a mixture?

A

Can be separated into parts by physical change.

35
Q

What is a Pure Substance Compound?

A

Can be broken down into two or more elements by chemical changes but not physical changes

36
Q

What are Pure Substance Elements?

A

Cannot be separated or broken down by physical or chemical changes?

37
Q

What are the six different types of quarks?

A

up, down, top, bottom, strange and charm.

38
Q

What is Democritus’s Theory?

A

He talked about atomos meaning uncuttable. He also composed the idea of tiny particles in matter.

39
Q

What is Dalton’s Theory?

A

Dalton came up with the atomic theory.
It states that all matter is made up of small particles called atoms.
Atoms cannot be created, destroyed or divided
All atoms of the same element are identical and different from other elements.
Different types of atoms combine to make compounds. In a chemical reaction.

40
Q

What is Niels Bohr Theory?

A

He talked about how electrons around the nucleus have specific energy levels/energy shells. The larger the shell, the higher the energy.

41
Q

What is JJ Thomson’s Theory?

A

He talked about cathode rays were streams of negatively charged objects. He also made the plum pudding model of the atom.

42
Q

What is Ernest Rutherford’s Theory?

A

He discovered the Nucleus. He said that all the mass was in the nucleus and around it was just empty space. Then he found protons and neutrons inside the nucleus.

Final Exams (9 decks)

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