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Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

What is chemistry?

A

Chemistry is the study of matter—what it consists of, what its properties are, and how it
changes.

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2
Q

Chemistry is sometimes referred to as

A

“the central science”

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3
Q

What are some changes in matter that are essential to daily life?

A

Digesting and assimilating food, synthesizing polymers that are used to make clothing,
containers, cookware, and credit cards, and refining crude oil into gasoline and other
products are just a few examples.

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4
Q

is the study of macroscopic properties, atomic

properties, and phenomena in chemical systems.

A

Physical chemistry

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5
Q

is the study of chemicals containing carbon with hydrogen.

A

Organic chemistry

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6
Q

…. is the study of chemicals that do not, in general, contain carbon.

A

Inorganic chemistry

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7
Q

is the study of the composition of matter. It focuses on separating, identifying, and quantifying chemicals in samples of matter.

A

Analytical chemistry

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8
Q

is the study of chemical processes that occur in living

things.

A

Biochemistry

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9
Q

describe properties or occurrences in ways that do not rely on numbers.

A

Qualitative observations

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10
Q

are measurements, which by definition consist of both a number and a unit.

A

Quantitative observations

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11
Q

What are The Scientific Method steps?

A 
Step 1: Make observations
Step 2: Formulate a hypothesis
Step 3: Design and perform experiments
Step 4: Accept or modify the hypothesis
Step 5: Development into a law and/or theory
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12
Q

is made up of very tiny particles and these particles are so small that we cannot see them
with naked eyes.

A

Matter

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13
Q

what are the 3 states of matter?

A

solid, liquid and gas

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14
Q

The temperature at which solid melts to become a liquid at atmospheric pressure is called?

A

Melting Point

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15
Q

The process of converting a gas into a liquid by cooling down its temperature.

A

Condensation / Liquefaction

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16
Q

change of state of a gas directly into solid and vice versa is known as……

A

Sublimation

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17
Q

The phenomenon of change of a liquid into vapors at any given temperature below its boiling point is called…….

A

Evaporation

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18
Q

is the phase transition in which gas transforms into solid without passing through the liquid phase

A

Deposition

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19
Q

is a phase transition where a liquid turns into a solid when its temperature is lowered below its freezing point.

A

Freezing

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20
Q

a consists of particles with extremely

high kinetic energy is called?

A

Plasma

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21
Q

Can be observed or measured without changing the composition or identity of a substance is called?

A

Physical Property

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22
Q

Ability of matter to undergo transformations. Change in composition and can be observed only through chemical reaction and a new substance formed iscalled?

A

Chemical Property

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23
Q

Physical properties can be extensive or intensive.

A

true

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24
Q

-depends on the kind of matter is called?

A

Intensive Property

25
Q

depends on the amount of matter is called?

A

Extensive Property

26
Q

only the physical appearance is altered, but composition remains unchanged is called?

A

Physical Change

27
Q

is an example of a physical change, since some properties of the material change, but
the identity of the matter does not

A

Melting

28
Q

not only the physical appearance has been changed but also the whole composition.

A

Chemical change

29
Q

is made of the same particles, can be either chemical compounds or elements are called?

A

Substances

30
Q

made up of one type of atom and cannot be separated into simpler substances by
chemical means is called?

A

Elements

31
Q

made up of two or more elements that are chemically compound and can be broken down into elements by chemical reactions is called

A

Compounds

32
Q

is composed of two or more types of matter that can be present in varying amounts and can be separated by physical changes is called?

A

Mixture

33
Q

one particle completely dissolves one another. Having a uniform composition and properties throughout and also called a solution.

A

Homogeneous

34
Q

mixture not uniform in composition and properties throughout. Visibly different substances or phases (solid, liquid and gas)

A

Heterogeneous

35
Q

METHODsOF SEPARATION

A

Filtration, Distillation, Crystallization

36
Q

is a more thorough way of separating a solid from a liquid. The most familiar example might be a coffee maker is called?

A

Filtration

37
Q

Makes use of differences in volatility, a measure of how easily a substance is converted to a gas at a given temperature is called?

A

Distillation

38
Q

Separates mixtures based on differences in solubility, a measure of how much solid substance remains dissolved in a given amount of a specified liquid is called?

A

Crystallization

39
Q

are formed by the combination of two or more atoms is called?

A

Molecules

40
Q

It is defined as the number of atoms present in a molecule

A

Atomicity

41
Q

Molecules formed by only one type of atoms is called

A

Homo-atomic Molecule

42
Q

Molecules formed by different types of atoms is called

A

Hetero-atomic Molecule

43
Q

It is defined as the sum of atomic masses is called

A

Molecular Mass

44
Q

……are the atoms or group of atoms which have a net charge on them

A

Ions

45
Q

Ions containing positive charges are called

A

cations

46
Q

Ions containing negative charge are called

A

anion

47
Q

Ions containing only one atom are said to be monoatomic is called?

A

Monoatomic Ions

48
Q

Ions containing more than one atom are said to be polyatomic is called?

A

Polyatomic Ions

49
Q

It is defined as the combining capacity of an element is called?

A

Valency

50
Q

Ions having the valency of 1 are said to be monovalent. is called?

A

Monovalent Ions

51
Q

Ions having the valency of 2 are said to be divalent is called?

A

Divalent Ions

52
Q

Ions having the valency of 3 are said to be trivalent

A

Trivalent Ions

53
Q

the quantity of a substance is expressed in terms of mole

A

Mole

54
Q

Mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction”

A

Law of Conservation of Mass (Antoine Lavoisier, 1743 – 1794)

55
Q

This law is also known as Law of definite proportions.

A

Law of Constant Proportion(Joseph Louis Proust, 1754 – 1826)

56
Q

When two elements form a series of compounds

A

Law of Multiple Proportion(John Dalton, 1766 – 1844)

57
Q

Nucleons include protons and neutrons

A

true

58
Q

are atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons in their
atomic nuclei.

A

Isotopes

59
Q

also known as nuclear notation

A

Isotope Notation

ReviewerForExams (3 decks)

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