Chemical Trends Flashcards
Grp 1 elements are called
Alkali Metals
Grp 2 elements are called
Alakaline Earth Metals
Grp 3-12 are called
Transition Metals
Grp 13-17
Metalloids** (not all)
Grp 17
Halogens
Grp 18
Nobles Gases
Period 6 Elements
Lanthanides
Period 7 Elements
Actinides
Diatomic Atoms
H, O, F, Br, I, N, Cl
Differences between metals and nonmetals
Metals are malleable and lustrous, good conductors of heat and electricity, are generally solid at room temperature, lose electrons to become anions, and have high melting and boiling points
Atomic radius
Half the distance between nuclei of two atoms
Trend of atomic radii
Decreases left to right across a period, and increases down a group
Formula for effective nuclear charge
of protons - # of shielding electrons
Trend of effective nuclear charge
Increases left to right across a period, and decreases down a group
What are isoelectronic series?
Elements with identical electron configurations, but with difference numbers of protons
Ionization Energy
The energy required to remove an electron from an atom
Trend of ionization energy
Increases across a period and decreases down a group
Electron Affinity
Amount of energy released when an electron is added to an atom
Trend of Electron Affinity
Increases across a period. Decreases down a group
Electronegativity
The ability of an atom to attract electrons in a bond
Trends of electronegativity
Increases across a period and decreases down a group
