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CHEMISTRY 🌡️ > CHEMICAL TESTS 🌡️ > Flashcards

CHEMICAL TESTS 🌡️ Flashcards

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1
Q

Fluoride

A

Dilute nitric acid then silver nitrate
No ppt

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2
Q

Chloride

A

Dilute nitric acid then silver nitrate
White ppt
Redissolves in dilute NH3

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3
Q

Bromide

A

Dilute nitric acid then silver nitrate
Cream ppt
Dissolves in conc NH3

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4
Q

Iodide

A

Dilute nitric acid then silver nitrate
Yellow ppt
Doesn’t dissolve in NH3 (dilute or conc)

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5
Q

Calcium 2+

A

Flame test
Dip nichrome wire in conc HCl then into compound
Hold in clear blue part of Bunsen burner flame
Brick red flame

Or
Add NaOH drop wise until excess
Slight white ppt with OH and excess OH

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6
Q

Strontium 2+

A

Flame test
Dip nichrome wire in conc HCl then into compound
Hold in clear blue part of Bunsen burner flame
Red flame

Or
Add dilute NaOH dropwise until excess
Slight white ppt in OH and excess OH

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7
Q

Barium 2+

A

Flame test
Dip nichrome wire in conc HCl then into compound
Hold in clear blue part of Bunsen burner flame
Pale green flame

Or
Add dilute NaOH dropwise until excess
No change in OH or excess OH

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8
Q

Magnesium 2+

A

Add dilute NaOH dropwise until excess
Slight white ppt in OH, white ppt in excess OH

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9
Q

Ammonium ions

A

Damp red litmus paper
Turns blue with ammonia

Add dilute NaOH and gently heat
Ammonium forms ammonia
Test gas for ammonia

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10
Q

Sulfate

A

Add dilute HCl (to get rid of traces of carbonate ions) then barium chloride solution
Forms white barium sulfate ppt

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11
Q

Hydroxide

A

Dip red litmus paper into solution
Turns blue of OH are present

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12
Q

Carbonates

A

Add dilute HCl
Solution with carbonates will fizz (CO2)
Test for CO2 using limewater - CO2 turns limewater cloudy

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13
Q

Alkenes

A

Add bromine water
Decolourises - orange to colourless

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14
Q

1° and 2° alcohol

A

Heat with acidified potassium dichromate
Colour change of orange to green

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15
Q

Aldehyde vs ketone

A

Fehling’s / Benedict’s solution
Add 2cm of fehlings / benedicts to 5cm of test solution
Heat in hot water bath
Aldehyde - blue solution to brick red ppt
Ketone - no change

Tollens’ reagent
Add 2cm silver nitrate + few drops of dilute NaOH
Forms brown ppt
Add drops of dilute ammonia until brown ppt completely dissolves
Add to hot water bath and add test solution
Aldehyde - silver mirror
Ketone - no change

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16
Q

Carboxylic acids

A

Add 2cm test solution to 1 small spatula of solid sodium carbonate
If solution fizzes, test gas for CO2 (through limewater)
Positive result - solution fizzes, gas turns limewater cloudy

CHEMISTRY 🌡️ (4 decks)

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