Chemical Senses

Question 1

Chemical Senses

Answer 1

1) identify what should be consumed for survival
2) detect harmful things
3) cause good and bad affective responses

Question 2

Tongue

Answer 2

Receptor sheet for taste

Question 3

Papillae

Answer 3

Structures that give tongue it’s rough appearance

Question 4

Contained within papillae

Answer 4

Taste bud ➡️ taste cells ➡️ receptor cites

Question 5

Macrosmatic

Answer 5

Having a keen sense of smell important to survival

Question 6

Microsmatic

Answer 6

Less keen sense of smell less important to survival

Question 7

Detecting odors

Answer 7

Forced-choice ➡️ indicate strongest smelling

Question 8

Recognition threshold

Answer 8

Concentration needed to determine quality of an odorant

Question 9

Difficulty if mapping perceptual experience of smell into physical attributes

Answer 9

1) no language for odor quality
2) some molecules with similar structure smell different; some similar smell the same
3) smells in environment often made up of different, individual molecules

Question 10

Processing odors

Answer 10

1) analyzing chemical components and transforming them into neural signals
1) synthesizing information if chemical into odor objects

Question 11

Olfactory mucosa

Answer 11

• located in top of nasal cavity

- contains olfactory receptor neurons

Question 12

Signals from olfactory bulb are sent to

Answer 12

1) piriform cortex in temporal lobe and amygdala

2) orbitofrontal cortex in frontal lobe

Question 13

Flavor

Answer 13

Experience of combining taste and smell information

Question 14

Perception of flavor

Answer 14

• Chemicals in food and drink cause receptors to respond
• also release chemicals that reach olfactory mucosa via retronasal route
• most compounds are influenced by olfaction; some, like MSG, are overpowered by taste