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1A Physical Science > Chemical Reactions > Flashcards

Chemical Reactions Flashcards

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1
Q

physical change

A

change in appearance smell etc. change which does not result in a change in a chemical make up

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2
Q

chemical change

A

change that results in a change in a chemical make up or formula of starting chemicals

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3
Q

chemical reaction

A

process where original substances change into new substances with new properties

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4
Q

reactants

A

original substances or inputs of chemical reactions

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5
Q

products

A

new created substances or outputs of chemical reactions

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6
Q

CLUES that a chemical reaction has taken place

A
  1. gas is released 2. color change 3. heat change 4. precipitate formed
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7
Q

precipatate

A

a solid that is formed which cannot stay dissolved in a liquid.

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8
Q

ice cream melting example of

A

physical change

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9
Q

boiling water example of

A

physical change

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10
Q

dissolving something example of

A

physical change

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11
Q

biting a candy bar in 1/2 example of

A

physical change

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12
Q

burning leaves

A

chemical change

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13
Q

foods in stomach digesting

A

chemical change

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14
Q

Mix a solid with a liquid, solid disappears while temperature of liquid increases

A

it cannot be determined if a chemical reaction has taken place or not.

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15
Q

are new atoms formed in a chemical reaction

A

NO

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16
Q

chemical equations are used to represent the

A

reactants and products of a chemical reaction usually using the chemical formula but can use names too

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17
Q

equations are balanced to show

A

atoms are not created or destroyed in a reaction & that mass is conserved

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18
Q

to balance equations we add

A

coefficients to the front of molecules or atoms until we have an equal amount of each atom (and therefore mass) on both sides of the equation

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19
Q

we cannot change the subscripts to balance an equation because

A

this would change the chemicals that are in the reaction

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20
Q

combustion

A

when all substances in a compound combine with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water

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21
Q

synthesis

A

2 or more substances combine to form 1 new more complex substance

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22
Q

decomposition

A

1 substance breaks down too form 2 or more simpler substances

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23
Q

single replacement

A

an uncombined element replaces an ion that is part of a composition

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24
Q

double replacement

A

two reactants are compounds- they simply switch like charged ions to form two new substances

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25
Q

how to identify a combustion equation

A

hydrocarbon `

26
Q

acids

A

compounds that give rise to hydrogen ions when dissolved in water (H) NEGATIVE

27
Q

acids are defined as

A

proton donors

28
Q

bases

A

compounds that give rise to hydroxide when dissolved in water POSITIVE

29
Q

bases are defined as

A

proton acceptors

30
Q

neutralization reaction

A

a reaction between an acid & base

31
Q

what happens during a neutralization reaction (2)

A
  1. negative ions of acid combine with the positive ions of the base to produce an ionic compound called a salt. 2. the hydrogen ion of the acid and the hydroxide ion of the base combine to form water
32
Q

hydroxide

A

base

33
Q

hydrogen

A

acid

34
Q

mass is ____ in a balanced chemical equation

A

conserved

35
Q

new chemicals are ____

A

created in a chemical reaction

36
Q

the mass is always the

A

same

37
Q

when determining how many atoms are present..

A

always distribute to everything even if there are no parentheses

38
Q

fireworks are an example of

A

chemical change

39
Q

the products of a combustion reaction always are

A

carbon dioxide and water

40
Q

if the chemical formula is made up of one element

A

ion

41
Q

if chemical formula is made up of more than 2 elements

A

there is a polyatomic ion involved in the formula

42
Q

reaction rate

A

the rate at which reactants change to produce over time ; various things can be done to affect the reaction rate by affecting how quickly the reactant molecules come into contact with each other

43
Q

concentration

A

the measure of the amount of a substance in a given unit of volume

44
Q

higher concentrated chemicals will proceed at

A

a faster rate because there are more chances for reacting particles to come in contact

45
Q

surface area

A

refers to how much of the material is exposed. breaking a solid into smaller particles will increase surface area

46
Q

increased surface area will

A

increase the rate of reaction because it increases the exposure of reactants to eachother

47
Q

temperature

A

the measure of energy of the particles

48
Q

increased temperature will

A

increase the rate of reaction because faster moving reacting particles will come in contact sooner than slower moving particles

49
Q

catalyst

A

a substance that increases the rate of reaction but itself is not changed by the reaction. it can be recovered after the reaction is over

50
Q

a catalyst will

A

increase the rate of reaction by lowering the energy needed to allow the reaction to occur

51
Q

stirring

A

A mixing of reactants

52
Q

stirring will

A

increase the rate of reactants by increasing the exposure of reactions to one another

53
Q

which law is violated when we don’t balance equations

A

the law of conservation of mass

54
Q

grinding pepper

A

physical change

55
Q

melting wax

A

Physical

56
Q

During a chemical equation, whats taking place at the atomic level

A

the atoms of reactant chemicals rearrange to create different product chemicals

57
Q

KNO2 is a

A

salt

58
Q

HCN is a

A

acid

59
Q

Fe(OH)2 is a

A

base

60
Q

general products made when an acid and base are combined

A

a salt and water

61
Q

Diatomic molecules always get a

A

2 subscript

62
Q

formula for combustion

A

CO2 +H2O

1A Physical Science (4 decks)

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