chemical reactions

Question 1

ammonia molecular formula + what state it is in at room temp

Answer 1

• NH3

- gas

Question 2

methane molecular formula

Answer 2

CH4

Question 3

ammonium ionic formula

Answer 3

NH4+

Question 4

carbonate ionic formula

Answer 4

CO3(2-)

Question 5

nitrate ionic formula

Answer 5

NO3(-)

Question 6

sulfate ionic formula

Answer 6

SO4(2-)

Question 7

ethanoic acid formula

Answer 7

CH3COOH

Question 8

buckminsterfullerene

Answer 8

C60

Question 9

equilibrium

Answer 9

• equilibrium is the point in a reversible reaction where rate of forward reaction = rate of reverse reaction
• reaction can only reach equilibrium if the reaction mixture is in a closed system
• dynamic equilibrium means reactants are still forming products and vice versa but the rate of these are equal

Question 10

position of equilibrium

Answer 10

• if equilibrium lies to the right, conc. of P > conc. of R

- if equilibrium lies to the left, conc. of R > conc. of P

Question 11

pressure (equilibrium)

Answer 11

• increasing pressure favours the side with fewer gaseous moles
• decreasing pressure favours the side with more gaseous moles

Question 12

concentration (equilibrium)

Answer 12

• adding a reactant/removing a product shifts equilibrium to the RIGHT
• adding a product/removing a reactant shifts equilibrium to the LEFT

Question 13

temperature (equilibrium)

Answer 13

• increasing temperature favours the endothermic reaction

- decreasing temperature favours the exothermic reaction

Question 14

catalysts (equilibrium)

Answer 14

• do not change the position of equilibrium

- only allows equilibrium to be achieved more quickly

Question 15

phosphate ionic formula

Answer 15

PO4(3-)

Question 16

precipitates
• Al3+, Ca2+, and Mg2+
• Cu2+
• Fe2+
• Fe3+

Answer 16

form a white precipitate
forms a blue precipitate
forms a green precipitate
forms a brown precipitate

Question 17

saturated solution

Answer 17

• conc of solute is at a maximum

- conc of solvent is at a minimum

Question 18

reaction between a haloalkane and metal hydroxide

Answer 18

1) if the metal hydroxide is concentrated, an alkene forms

2) if the metal hydroxide is dilute, an alcohol forms