Chemical Properties Flashcards
Describe a Carboxyl group
C double bonded to an O and an OH
Define electronegativity
Atoms ability to attract a pair of electrons
Describe a Hydroxyl group
OH
Describe a Carbonyl group
C double bonded to an O
Describe an Amino group
NH2
Describe a Phosphate group
PO4
Describe a Sulfhydryl group
SH
What is a polymer?
A large molecule made up of many repeating subunits (similar small molecules)
Why is electronegativity important?
an atom’s En determines the type of bonds that are formed and the resulting polarity of the molecule
Which type of intermolecular force is the most biologically significant?
Hydrogen Bonds
Explain what cohesion is and an application of water
2 of the same molecules attracted together. Surface tension (floating paper clip, reverse meniscus)
Explain what adhesion is and an application with water
Attraction between 2 different molecules. Water and other polar molecules. Ex. water being absorbed by a paper towel.
Chemical properties of water due to hydrogen bonding
water has a high specific heat capacity, specific heat of vapourization, ice is less dense than liquid water
Why is water so important biologically?
It helps regulate temperature, moisture (eye’s and lungs), lubrication of joints and food, chemical reactions, solvent, medium for life!
Describe a condensation reaction
When 2 functional groups come together to form a covalent bond and give off water
