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ChE Boards > Chemical Process Industries > Flashcards

Chemical Process Industries Flashcards

1
Q

Oxidation of SO2 to SO3 is favoured by

A

low temperature and high pressure

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2
Q

Gunpowder, which is an explosive comprises of charcoal, sulfur and

A

salt petre

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3
Q

Starting raw material for the manufacture of alum is

A

bauxite

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4
Q

Salt cake is chemically represented by

A

Na2SO4

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5
Q

Which of the following sugars is the sweetest?

A

Fructose

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6
Q

Paper pulp produced by kraft/sulphate process is

A

strong fibrous

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7
Q

Claude process of gas liquefaction employs

A

adiabatic expansion against a piston or in a turbine

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8
Q

The main use of HCl is in the

A

drilling of petroleum wells and pickling of steel sheets

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9
Q

The gasification reaction represented by, C + H2O = CO + H2, is a/an __________ reaction

A

endothermic

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10
Q

Viscose rayon is chemically

A

regenerated cellulose acetate

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11
Q

All enzymes are made of

A

proteins

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12
Q

The combustion reaction, C + O2 = CO2, is

A

exothermic

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13
Q

Styrene is produced from ethyl benzene by the process of

A

dehydrogenation

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14
Q

Gelatine which is a nitrogenous organic protein is obtained by the hydrolysis of

A

callagen

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15
Q

The chamber process is
A. preferred over the contact process for producing 98 to 100% H2SO4 and various oleums.
B. non-catalytic and operates only on pyrites.
C. a batch process for directly producing high strength (98 to 100%) H2SO4.
D. none of these.

A

D.

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16
Q

Sucrose content in the raw juice extracted from sugar cane is about __________ percent

A

15 - 20

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17
Q

Fusel oil is a/an

A

mixture of higher molecular weight alcohols (a by-product obtained during production of alcohol from molasses).

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18
Q

Styrene-butadiene-rubber (SBR) as compared to natural rubber has
A. Poorer tensile strength.
B. poorer resistance to oxidation.
C. greater amount of heat build-up under heavy loading.
D. all (a), (b) and (c)

A

D.

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19
Q

Co-efficient of thermal expansion of glass is decreased by the addition of __________ during its manufacture

A

ZnO

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20
Q

The catalyst used in the manufacture of DDT (from chloral and chlorobenzene) is

A

oleum

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21
Q

Haemoglobin is a/an

A

protein

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22
Q

Epoxy resin

A

is a good adhesive

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23
Q

Concentration of NaOH solution produced by mercury electrolytic cell is about __________ percent

A

50

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24
Q

Which of the following is the most adverse factor challenging the choice of mercury electrolytic cell process for the production of caustic soda?

A

Pollution of water stream by mercury

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25
Q

Esterification reaction produces

A

soap

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26
Q

Wood charcoal is used for decolouration of sugar, because it __________ the coloured materials

A

adsorbs

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27
Q

Producer gas consists mainly of

A

CO, CO2 N2, H2

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28
Q

Neoprene is the trade name of

A

polychloroprene

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29
Q

Hard water

A

is not unfit for drinking purpose.

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30
Q

Which of the following is an organo-metallic compound?

A

Tetra-ethyl lead

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31
Q

Sulphur addition in soap is done to

A

cure pimples & dandruff

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32
Q

Phosphate rock is a raw material for the manufacture of

A

phosphoric acid
phosphorous
superphosphates

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33
Q

Mineral oils (e.g. petroleum oils) are preferred over fatty oils (e.g. mustard oil, ghee, tallow, palm oil, olive oil etc.) as a lubricant due to its

A

all (a), (b) and (c)
poor oxidation stability and high gum forming tendency.
greater tendency of decomposition at elevated temperature.
hydrolysis tendency in presence of water.

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34
Q

Which of the following is not a raw material used for the manufacture of ordinary glass?
A. Iron oxide
B. Soda ash
C. Limestone
D. Silica

A

Iron oxide

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35
Q

Esterification reaction

A

all (a), (b) and (c)
produces soap.
is reversible.
is a reaction between an alcohol and an organic acid

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36
Q

In sulphate pulp manufacture, the pressure and temperature in the digestor is

A

10 atm., 170-180°C

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37
Q

Zeolite removes both temporary as well as permanent hardness of water by precipitating calcium and magnesium present in water as insoluble zeolites. Used zeolite is regenerated by flushing with the solution of

A

sodium chloride (NaCl)

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38
Q

Pick out the endothermic reaction out of the following.
C+O2 = CO
CO + 3H2 = CH4 + H2O
CaCO3 = CaO + CO2
CO +O2 = CO2

A

CaCO3 = CaO + CO2

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39
Q

Pasteurisation of milk means

A

killing of organisms present in it by heating it at controlled temperature without changing its natural characteristics.

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40
Q

Fusion of bauxite and __________ produces high alumina cement

A

limestone

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41
Q

__________ process is used for the manufacture of sodium carbonate by ammonia soda process

A

Solvay

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42
Q

Polycaprolactum is commercially known as

A

nylon-6

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43
Q

Frasch process is for

A

mining sulphur

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44
Q

Very fine suspended and colloidal impurities are removed from water by a process called

A

coagulation

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45
Q

Pitch (a product of coal tar distillation) is always mixed with creosote oil, when it is to be burnt in a burner, because

A

it reduces viscosity and imparts fluidity for its transportation through pipelines at economic pressure drop

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46
Q

Which is the main reducing agent during the production of iron from iron ore in a blast furnace?

A

CO

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47
Q

The drug used in contraceptives is

A

mestranol

48
Q

Raw materials used for producing __________ cement does not contain iron oxide

A

white

49
Q

In the Lurgi coal gasifier

A

large quantity of coal can be processed

50
Q

Neon gas is

A

used in color discharge tube

51
Q

Calgon used in water treatment is chemically

A

sodium hexametaphosphate

52
Q

Oil preferred for paint manufacture

A

Drying oil

53
Q

Styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) is

A

a synthetic polymer

54
Q

Ethylene oxide is produced by oxidation of ethylene in presence of AgO catalyst at

A

5 atm & 275°C

55
Q

Glycerine is used in the

A

manufacture of explosive.
conditioning and humidification of tobacco.
manufacture of pharmaceuticals.

56
Q

Cumene is the starting material for the production of

A

phenol and acetone

57
Q

The type of high refractive index glass used in optical instruments is __________ glass

A

flint

58
Q

Oxidation of ortho-xylene in presence of __________ catalyst is done to produce phthalic anhydride on commercial scale

A

vanadium

59
Q

Most commonly used rubber vulcanising agent is

A

sulphur

60
Q

Terylene is

A

both (a) & (b)
same as dacron
a polyester

61
Q

Free alkali in toilet soap is __________ that in a laundry shop

A

less than

62
Q

Dehydrogenation of isopropanol produces

A

acetone

63
Q

Pick out the wrong statement

A

Tarnish inhibitor (e.g., benzotriazole) is added in soap to facilitate the removal of stains due to tea, blood etc.

64
Q

Concentration of hydrogen peroxide is done by

A

vacuum crystallisation

65
Q

Helium is produced on commercial scale from

A

natural gas

66
Q

Fermentation of molasses to produce ethyl alcohol is done at __________ °C

A

20 - 30

67
Q

The catalyst used in the manufacture of DDT is

A

20% oleum

68
Q

Most widely and commonly used coagulant for the removal of suspended impurities in water is

A

alum

69
Q

__________ is used as a catalyst in fat splitting

A

ZnO

70
Q

Which of the following is not produced on commercial scale from sea water?

Bromine
Magnesium compounds
Potassium compounds
Sodium sulphat

A

Sodium sulphate

71
Q

Heating of __________ to 120°C, produces plaster of paris

A

gypsum

72
Q

Pick out the wrong statement.

A

Decomposition of sulphuric acid on heating does not start before its boiling.

73
Q

Which of the following has sodium bicarbonate as its main constituent?

A

Baking powder

74
Q

Ordinary glass is not a/an

A

material with sharp definite melting point

75
Q

In primitive days, __________ was being manufactured by Leblanc Process

A

soda ash

76
Q

The only commercial Fischer-Tropsch plant for producing liquid hydrocarbon fuel from coal is located at

A

SASOL (in South Africa)

77
Q

Lurgi coal gasifier is a pressurized __________ bed reactor

A

moving

78
Q

Oils are partially hydrogenated (not fully) to manufacture vanaspati, because fully saturated solidified oils

A

cause cholesterol build up and blood clotting

79
Q

Paper-grade bamboo contains about __________ percent cellulose.

A

5

80
Q

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is added in detergents to act as a/an

A

anti soil redeposition agent

81
Q

Vulcanisation of rubber

A

converts its plasticity into elasticity

82
Q

Raw materials for ‘Solvay Process’ for manufacture of the soda ash are

A

salt, limestone and coke or gas

83
Q

Chloral is used in the manufacture of

A

DDT

84
Q

Bromine is used in the preparation of

A

fire extinguishing compounds.
fire proofing agents.
dyes and antiknock compounds.

85
Q

Sudden temperature fluctuation does not affect pyrex glass, because of its

A

low co-efficient of expansion.

86
Q

The process used for the manufacture of ethyl alcohol from molasses is

A

none of these
(process is fermentation)

87
Q

Most easily and cheaply available fibrous raw material for paper manufacture available in India is bamboo. The yield of pulp produced from fibrous raw material by mechanical process is about __________ percent.

A

< 10

88
Q

Absorption of SO3 in 97% H2SO4 is

A

exothermic

89
Q

__________ process is used for the commercial production of nitric acid by the catalytic oxidation of ammonia.

A

Ostwald’s

90
Q

Sulphuric acid solution having a specific gravity of 1.20 at room temperature is used mainly for the

A

car battery solution

91
Q

The catalyst used in the production of elemental sulphur from H2S (by oxidation-reduction) is

A

alumina

92
Q

A good quality coal should have

A

none of these

93
Q

Zeolite used in water softening process (cation exchange) is regenerated by washing with

A

brine

94
Q

The catalyst used in shift converter is

A

nickel

95
Q

Which of the following is a detergent?

A

Alkyl benzene sulphonate

96
Q

Drinking (potable) water treatment does not involve

A

softening

97
Q

Phenol formaldehyde resin is used as an adhesive in making

A

laminates

98
Q

Pick out the correct statement.

A. A fat is converted into oil by its hydrogenation.
B. There is no difference between a fat and an oil so far as its physical properties are concerned.
C. All vegetable oils except coconut oil, contains fatty acids having more than sixteen carbon atoms.
D. Vegetable oils are classified as drying, non-drying and semi drying oils depending upon their fatty acids content.

A

C. All vegetable oils except coconut oil, contains fatty acids having more than sixteen carbon atoms.

99
Q

DDT should not be allowed to come in contact with iron (during its manufacture) to

A

avoid its decomposition.

100
Q

Catalyst used in the manufacture of sulphuric acid by chamber & contact processes are respectively

A

oxides of nitrogen & V2O5 on a porous carrier.

101
Q

DDT stands for

A

dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane.

102
Q

Phosphoric acid is prepared from

A

rock phosphate

103
Q

Metallic soap (e.g. aluminium or calcium salts of fatty acids) can be used

A

as a lubricant.

104
Q

Which of the following processes does not produce Cl2 as a co-product during the manufacture of caustic soda?

A

Lime-soda process

105
Q

Bleaching action of bleaching powder is due to its __________ properties.

A

oxidising

106
Q

Solvent extracted oil

A

none of these
has low free fatty acid content.
is odourless.
has more of unsaturates.

107
Q

Which of the following is not required in the manufacture of soda ash by Solvay process ?

A

Nitric acid

108
Q

Saponification number of an oil or fat

A

all (a), (b) & (c)

gives an idea about its molecular weight.
is inversely proportional to its molecular weight.
detects its adulteration.

109
Q

The purpose of tanning in leather industry is to

A

stiffen the leather.

110
Q

Lime and soda ash are added to water to remove

A

bicarbonates & sulphates of calcium and magnesium.

111
Q

Kaoline is a/an

A

refractory material

112
Q

Hydrogenation of edible vegetable oils

A

is an exothermic reaction.
increases their melting point.
is done in presence of nickel catalyst.

113
Q

Phenol is mainly used

A

to produce phenol formaldehyde.

114
Q

Main constituent of dolomite is

A

MgCO3

115
Q

Conversion of CO to CO2 by steam in presence of a catalyst is called

A

shift conversion.

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