Chemical Process Industries Flashcards
Catalysts used in the manufacture of sulfuric acid by chamber and contact processes are _______ respectively
A. V2O5 and Cr2O3
B. Oxides of nitrogen and Cr2O3
C. V2O5 on a porous carrier and oxides of nitrogen
D. Oxides of nitrogen and V2O5 on a porous carrier
D. Oxides of nitrogen and V2O5 on a porous carrier
In contact process, SO3 is absorbed in 97% H2SO4 and not in water beecause
A. SO3 gas is sparingly soluble in water
B. Water forms an acid mist which is difficult to absorb
C. The purity of acid is affected
D. Scale formation in absorber is to be avoided
B. Water forms an acid mist which is difficult to absorb
Contact process
A. Yields acid of higher concentration than chamber process
B. Yields acid of lower concentration than chamber process
C. Is obsolete
D. Eliminates absorber
B. Yields acid of lower concentration than chamber process
20% Oleum means that in 100 lb., there are 20 lb. of
A. SO3 and 80 lb of H2SO4
B. H2SO4 and 80 lb of SO3
C. SO3 for each 100 lb of H2SO4
D. H2SO4 and 80 lb SO3
A. SO3 and 80 lb of H2SO4
Producer gas consists mainly of
A. CO, CO2, N2, H2
B. CO, H2
C. H2, CH4
D. C2H2, CO2, H2
A. CO, CO2, N2, H2
Oxygen is produced by fraction of air using
A. Linde’s Process
B. Claude’s Process
C. Both Linde’s and Claude’s Process
D. Bayer’s Process
C. Both Linde’s and Claude’s Process
Economics of ‘Solvay Process’ depends upon the efficiency of
A. Carbonating tower
B. Ammonia recovery
C. Ammonia recovery and size of plant
D. Ammoniation of salt solution
C. Ammonia recovery and size of plant
Mercury cells for caustic soda manufacture compared to diaphragm cells
A. Require lower inital investment
B. Require more power
C. Producue lower concentration of NaOH
D. None of these
D. None of these
Cement mainly contains
A. CaO, SiO2, Al2O3
B. MgO, SiO, K2O
C. Al2O3, MgO, Fe2O3
D. CaO, MgO, K2O
A. CaO, SiO2, Al2O3
Gypsum is
A. Calcium chloride
B. Potassium sulfate
C. Sodium sulfatte
D. Calcium sulfate
D. Calcium sulfate
Glauber’s salt is
A. Calcium sulfate
B. Potassium sulfate
C. Potasium chlorate
D. Sodium sulfate decahydrate
D. Sodium sulfate decahydrate
Permanent hardness of water is due to the presence of calcium and magnesium
A. Bicarbonates
B. Sulfates and chlorides
C. Carbonates
D. Chlorides
B. Sulfates and chlorides
Widely used method for conditioning of boiler feed water is
A. Cold lime process
B. Coagulation
C. Hot-lime soda process
D. Sequestration
C. Hot-lime soda process
Hydrazine is largely used
A. As a starting material for ‘hypo’
B. In photographic indistry
C. As rocket fuel
D In printing industry
C. As rocket fuel
Trinitrotoluene is
A. Used in glycerine manufacture
B. An explosive
C. Used in dye manufacture
D. Used in paint manufacture
B. An explosive
Oil is
A. A miixture of glycerides
B. A mixture of glycerides of fatty acids
C. Solid at normal temperature
D. Ester of alcohols other than glycerin
B. A mixture of glycerides of fatty acids
Wax is
A. A mixture of glycerides
B. A mixture of esters of polyhydric alcohols except glycerin
C. Liquid at room temperature
D. A mixture of glycerides of fatty acids
B. A mixture of esters of polyhydric alcohols except glycerin
Unsaturated oils compared to saturated oils have
A. Lower melting point and higher reactivity to oxygen
B. Higher melting point and higher reactivity to oxygen
C. Lower melting point and lower reactivity to oxygen
D. Higher melting point and lower reactivity to oxygen
A. Lower melting point and higher reactivity to oxygen
Rancidity of oil can be reduced by
A. Decoloration
B. Hydrogenation
C. Oxidation
D. Purification
B. Hydrogenation
Solvent used for extraction of oil is
A. Hexane
B. Methyl ethyl ketone
C. Furfural
D. Benzene
A. Hexane
Solvent extracted oil
A. Has low free fatty acid content
B. Is odorless
C. Has more of unsaturated oil
D. None of these
D. None of these
Hydrogenation of oil does not
A. Remove double bonds
B. Rise in melting point
C. Improve its resistance oxidation
D. None of these
D. None of these
Catalyst used in hydrogenation of oil is
A. Nickel
B. Platinum
C. Iron
D. Alumina
A. Nickel
Soaps remove dirt by
A. Increasing the surface tension
B. Decreasing wettability
C. Supplying hydrophilic group
D. None of these
D. None of these
Metallic soap is
A. Sodium salt of fatty acids
B. Potassium salt of fatty acids
C. Both sodium and potassium salt of fatty acids
D. Aluminum or calcium salt of fatty acids
D. Aluminum or calcium salt of fatty acids
Fat splitting catalyst is
A. CaCO3
B. ZnO
C. Alumina
D. Iron
B. ZnO
Free alkali in toilet soap is
A. Less than that in a laundry soap
B. More than that in a laundry soap
C. Same as that in a laundry soap
D. Not present in laundry soap
A. Less than that in a laundry soap
Soap cannot be used with hard water because
A. Hard water contains sulfate
B. They form insoluble calcium soaps which precipitates
C. They attract the surface tension
D. They increase the surface tension
B. They form insoluble calcium soaps which precipitates
Builders are added in soap to
A. Boost cleaning power
B. Act as anti-redeposition gent
C. Act as corrosion inhibitor
D. Acts as fabric brightener
A. Boost cleaaning power
Bio-degradable detegents
A. Can be readily oxidized
B. Pose problem in sewerage plant
C. Have an isoparaffinic structure
D. Should not be used as it spoils the cloth
A. Can be readily oxidized
Which of the following is a detergent?
A. Fatty alcohol
B. Alkyl benzene sulfonate
C. Fatty acids
D. Methyl chloride
B. Alkyl benzene sulfonate
Yellow glycerin is made into white using
A. Activated carbon
B. Diatomaceous earth
C. Bauxite
D. Bentonite
A. Activated carbon
Essential oils are usually obtained using
A. Steam distillation
B. Extractive distillation
C. Solvent extraction
D. Leaching
A. Steam distillation
Plasticizers are added to paints to
A. Make it corrosion resistant
B. Make glossy surface
C. Give elasticity and prevent cracking of the film
D. Increase atmospheric oxidation
C. Give elasticity and prevent cracking of the film
Which oil is preferred for paint manufacture?
A. Drying oil
B. Non-drying oil
C. Semi-drying oil
D. Saturated oil
A. Drying oil
Function of thinner in a paint is to
A. Accelerate the oxidation of oil
B. Prevent gelling of the paint
C. Suspend pigments and dissolve film-forming materials
D. Form a protective film
C. Suspend pigments and dissolve film-forming materials
Varnish does not contain
A. Pigment
B. Thinner
C. Dryer
D. Anti-skinning agent
A. Pigment
Enamels
A. Give good glossy finish
B. Are same as varnish
C. Are prepared from non-drying oil
D. Do not contain pigment
A. Give good glossy finish
Raw materials for ‘Solvay Process’ for manufacture of the soda ash are
A. Salt, limestone, ammonia, and coke oven gas
B. Ammonia, salt, and limestone
C. Ammonia, limestone, and coke
D. Ammonia and coke oven gas
A. Salt, limestone, ammonia, and coke oven gas
SO2 is bubbled through hot sugarcane juice to
A. Act as an acidifying agent
B. Increase its concentration
C. Increase the amount of molasses
D. Increase the crystal size
A. Act as an acidifying agent
Molasses is the starting material for
A. Alcohol
B. Essential oil
C. Fatty acids
D. Ether
A. Alcohol
The ideal pulp for the manufacture of paper should have high
A. Cellulose content
B. Lignin content
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B
A. Cellulose content
In Kraft process of paper manufacture, white cooking liquor consists of caustic soda
A. Sodium sulide, sodium carbonate
B. Sodium sulfite, sodium carbonate
C. Sodium sulfite, sodium sulfide
D. And sodium carbonate
A. Sodium sulide, sodium carbonate
Comparing sulfate process with sulfite process, we find that
A. Both temperature and pressure in former is less than that in the latter
B. Both temperature and pressure in former is more than that in the latter
C. Temperature is more in former whereas pressure is more in the latter
D. Pressure is more in former whereas temperature is less than in the latter
B. Both temperature and pressure in former is more than that in the latter
Cooking liquor in case of sulfite process is
A. Sodium sulfite and sodium bisulfite
B. Magnesium sulfite and free SO2 in acid medium
C. Magnesium sulfate and magnesium bicarbonate
D. Sodium bisulfute
A. Sodium sulfite and sodium bisulfite
Which is a high-grade pulp?
A. Rag pulp
B. Mechanical pulp
C. Sulfate pulp
D. Sulfite pulp
C. Sulfate pulp
Which of the following paper does not require a filler during manufacture?
A. Bond paper
B. Writing paper
C. Blotting paper
D. Colored paper
C. Blotting paper
Bleaching of paper pulp is done with
A. Activated clay
B. Bromine
C. Chlorine or chlorine dioxide
D. Magnesium sulfite
C. Chlorine or chlorine dioxide
Sizing material is incorporated in paper to
A. Impart resistance to penetration by liquids
B. Increase its thickness
C. Increase its flexibility and opacity
D. Increase its brightness
A. Impart resistance to penetration by liquids
Viscone rayon is
A. Cellulose nitrate
B. Regenerated cellulose nitrate
C. Regenerated cellulos acetate
D. Regenerated cellulos fiber
D. Regenerated cellulose fiber
Which of the following coal has the highest calorific value?
A. Lignite
B. Sub-bituminous
C. Anthracite
D. Peat
C. Anthracite
The main product of high temperature carbonization is
A. Coke
B. Ammonia
C. Tar
D. Phenol
A. Coke
High temperature carbonization produces
A. Inferior coke compare to low temperature carbonization
B. Less of gases compared to liquid products
C. Larger quantity of tar compared to low temperature carbonization
D. Relatively low tar and yield of gaseous products are larger than the yield of liquid products
D. Relatively low tar and yield of gaseous products are larger than the yield of liquid products
High temperature carbonization takes place at
A. 4000 - 5000 °F
B. 950 °F
C. > 1650 °F
D. < 1000 °F
C. > 1650 °F
Low temperature carbonization takes place at
A. 500 °F
B. 1300 °F
C. 750 -1100 °F
D. 2500 °F
C. 750 -1100 °F
Proximate analysis of coal determines
A. Moisture, ash, sulfur, volatile matter
B. Moisture, volatile matter
C. Moisture, sulfur, nitrogen, fixed carbon
D. Carbon, hydrogen, ash
B. Moisture, volatile matter
Ultimate analysis of coal determines
A. Moisture, hydrogen, nitroen, sulfur
B. Carbon, ash, sulfur, nitrogen
C. Carbon, sulfur, volatile matter, ash
D. Carbon, volatile matterm ash, moisture
A. Moisture, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur
Washing of coal is done to
A. Remove the inherent impurities
B. Remove the adherig impurities
C. Reduce the ash content
D. Both B and C
D. Both B and C
A good quality coal should have
A. Low fusion point of ash
B. High ash content
C. High sulfur content
D. None of these
D. None of these
Coke oven gas consists mainly of
A. H2, CH4
B. CO, CO2
C. H2, CO
D. CH4, CO
A. H2, CH4
Lurgi coal gasifier is a pressurized
A. Moving bed reactor
B. Fixed bed reactor
C. Fluidized bed reactor
D. Entrained bed reactor
A. Moving bed reactor
In Lurgi gasifier
A. Cooking coals cannot be used
B. Low carbon conversion efficiency is achieved
C. Entrainment of solids is higher
D. Large quantity of coal can be processed
D. Large quantity of coal can be processed
The catalyst used in shift converter is
A. Nickel
B. Vanadium
C. Silica gel
D. Alumina
A. Nickel
The gasification reaction C + H2O → CO + H2 is
A. Exothermic
B. Endothermic
C. Catalytic
D. Autocatalytic
B. Endothermic
The combustion reaction C + O2 → CO2 is
A. Exothermic
B. Endothermic
C. Autocatalytic
D. Catalytic
A. Exothermic
Kopper-Totzek coal gasifier
A. Can give ammonia synthesis gas
B. Is a moving bed reactor
C. Cannot use cooking coal
D. Operate at very high pressure
A. Can give ammonia synthesis gas
Acrylonitrile is mainly used in
A. Polymer industry
B. Printing industry
C. Dyeing industry
D. Photographic industry
A. Polymer industry
The major use of butadiene is
A. As a plasticizer for unsaturated polyester
B. In the manufacture of synthetic rubber
C. As an anti-skinning agent in paint
D. As corrosion inhibitor
B. In the manufacture of synthetic rubber
Phenol is mainly used
A. To produce benzene
B. To produce phenol formaldehyde
C. To produce polyester resin
D. As a plasticizer for unsaturated polyester
B. To produce phenol formaldehyde
Phthalic anhydrude is made by
A. Oxidation of naphthalene
B. Oxidation of benzene
C. Dehydrogenation of ethyl benzene
D. Oxidation of toluene
A. Oxidation of naphthalene
Trinitrotoluene (TNT), an explosive, is made by nitration of
A. Nitrobenzene
B. Toluene
C. Nitrotoluene
D. Benzene
B. Toluene
Which is the most suitable dye for synthetic fibers?
A. Acid dye
B. Azoic dye
C. Pigment dye
D. Mordant dye
A. Acid dye
Fumigant insecticides
A. Kill insects when the eat it
B. Emit poisonous vapor
C. Are absorbed throughout the plant
D. Are stomach poisons
B. Emit poisonous vapor
Systemics insecticides
A. Are absorbed throughout the plant
B. Kill insects following external bodily contact
C. Are stomach poisons
D. Emit poisonous vapor
A. Are absorbed throughout the plant
DDT stands for
A. Diethyl-diphenyl-trichloromethane
B. Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloromethane
C. Diphenyl-dichhloro-trichloromethane
D. Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane
D. Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane
BHC (Benzene hexachloride) is made by chlorination of benzene
A. Which is an addition reaction
B. Which is a substitution reaction
C. In absolute dark
D. In presence of sunlight
A. Which is an addition reaction
Analgesic drugs are
A. Pain relievers
B. Antibiotics
C. Used in the treatment of TB
D. Used in the treatment of typhoid
A. Pain reliever
Antibiotic
A. Prohibits/destroys the growth of microorganism
B. Is used as pain reliever
C. Is an anti-malaria
D. Is an anaesthetic
A. Prohibits/destroys the growth of microorganism
Penicillin is made employing
A. Continuous fermentation process
B. Aerobic batch fermentation
C. Anaerobic batch fermentation
D. Aerobic or anaerobic batch fermentation
B. Aerobic batch fermentation
Which of the following is not an antibiotic?
A. Penicillin
B. Streptomycin
C. Tetracyclin
D. Quinine
D. Quinine
Molecular weights of polymers are in the range of
A. 10 - 1000
B. 10⁵ - 10⁹
C. 10³ - 10⁷
D. 10⁵ - 10⁷
C. 10³ - 10⁷
Zeigler process
A. Produces high density polyethylene
B. Produces low density polyethylene
C. Uses no catalyst
D. Employs very high pressure
A. Produces high density polyethylene
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is
A. Thermosetting
B. Thermoplastic
C. A fibrous material
D. Chemically active
B. Thermoplastic
Phenol formaldehyde
A. Employs addition polymerization
B. Employs condensation polymerization
C. Is a monomer
D. Is an abrasive material
B. Employs condensatio polymerization
Epoxy resin
A. Is a good adhesive
B. Is an elastomer
C. Cannot be used on surface coatings
D. Is a polyester
A. Is a good adhesive
Vulcanization of rubber
A. Decreases its tensile strength
B. Increases its ozone and oxygen reactivity
C. Increases its oil and sovent resistant
D. Converts its plasticity into elasticity
D. Converts its plasticity into elasticity
Most commonly used rubber vulcanizing agent is
A. Sulfur
B. Bromine
C. Platinum
D. Alumina
A. Sulfur
Styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) is
A. A natural rubber
B. A synthetic polymer
C. A synthetic monomer
D. Another name for silicon rubber
B. A synthetic polymer
Nylon-6 is manufactured from
A. Caprolactam
B. Hexamethylene-diamine and adipic acid
C.Hexamethylene-diamine and maleic anhydride
D. Hexamethylene-diamine and sebacic acid
A. Caprolactam
Nylon 6-6 is manufacture from
A. Hexamethylene diamine adipic acid
B. Hexamethylene diamine and maleic anhydride
C. Caprolactam
D. Dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol
A. Hexamethylene diamine adipic acid
Dacron is
A. A polyester
B. An unsaturated polyester
C. A polyamide
D. An inorganic polymer
A. A polyester
Celluloid is
A. Cellulose acetate
B. Regenerated cellulose
C. Cellulose nitrate
D. Cellulose acetate butyrate
C. Cellulose nitrate
Thermoplastic materials
A. Do not soften on application of heat
B. Are heavily branched molecules
C. Are solvent insoluble
D. Are capable of softening or fusing when heated and of hardening again when cooled
D. Are capable of softening or fusing when heated and of hardening again when cooled
Thermosetting materials
A. Are capable of becoming permanently rigid when heated or cured
B. Soften on application of heat
C. Are solvent insoluble
D. Are heavily branched molecules
A. Are capable of becoming permanently rigid when heated or cured
Type of glass used in optical work is
A. Soda-lime glass
B. Fiber glass
C. Lead glass
D. Borosilicate glass
C. Lead glass
Silicon carbide is
A. An adhesive
B. An abrasive
C. A type of glass
D. Brittle
D. Brittle
The temperature in the calcium carbide furnace is
A. 200 - 300 °C
B. 700 - 850 °C
C. 2000 - 2200 °C
D. 4000 - 4500 °C
C. 2000 - 2200 °C
Cumene (isopropyl benzene) is made by
A. Oxidation of naphthalene
B. Propylene alkylation of benzene
C. Polymerization of a mixture of benzene and propylene
D. Polymerization of propylene
B. Propylene alkytion of benzene
Glycerin can be obtained from
A. Fat
B. Naphthalene
C. Cumene
D. Sucrose
A. Fat
Cumene is the starting material for the production of
A. Benzoic acid
B. Phenol and acetone
C. Isoprene
D. Styrene
B. Phenol an acetone
Which of the following is not responsible for causing permanent hardness of water?
A. Ca(HCO3)2
B. CaCl2
C. MgCl2
D. NaCl
A. Ca(HCO3)2
Zeolite used in water softening process (cation exchange) is regenerated by washing with
A. Brine
B. Chloramines
C. Sodium bisulfite
D. Liquid chlorines
A. Brine
Presence of H2S in raw water (to be chlorinated) results in
A. Reduced softening capacity of zeolite
B. Increase dosage of chlorine to provide a disinfecting residual in the water
C. Easy removal of its hardness
D. Residual turbidity
B. Increase dosage of chlorine to provide a disinfecting residual in the water
Lime and soda ash are added to water to remove
A. Bicarbonates and sulfates of calcium and magnesium
B. Undesirable taste and odor
C. Bacteria
D. Its corrosiveness
A. Bicarbonates and sulfates of calcium and magnesium
Chloramines are used in water treatment for
A. Disinfection and control of tate and odor
B. Corrosion control
C. Removing turbidity
D. Control of bacteria
A. Disinfection and control of tate and odor
Deaeration of water in its treatment is necessary as it
A. Minimizes its turbidty
B. Helps in controlling its taste and odor
C. Minimizes its corrosiveness
D. Controls bacteria
C. Minimizes its corrosiveness
Sodium bisulfate is used for
A. Deaeration of water
B. Dechlorination of water
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B
C. Both A and B
Dechlorination of trated water is necessary to
A. Remove residual turbidity
B. Reduce the bacterial load on filter
C. Control taste and odor
D. Remove chlorinous taste
D. Remove chlorinous taste
The main use of the activated carbon in wate treatment is to control
A. Bacterial growth
B. Taste and odor
C. Turbidity
D. Corrosion
B. Taste and odor
Alum [Al2(SO4)3] is used as a coagulant in water treatment to remove
A. Color
B. Turbidity
C. Bacteria
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Use of hydrated lime in water treatment
A. Before filration, reduces the bacteriial load in filters
B. After filtration, combats the corrosiveness of water due to presence of O2 and CO2
C. Is to adjust the pH value
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
The purpose of adding Na2CO3 to water of low alkalinity is to
A. Permit the use of alum as a coagulant
B. Increase the softening capacity of zeolite
C. Facilitate the easy regeneration of zeolite
D. All of the above
A. Permit the use of alum as a coagulant
Pick out the true statement pertaining to water treatment
A. Slow sand filters can remove color completely
B. Activated carbon can be used for taste and odor control without subsequent filtration
C. Application of activated carbon reduces the temporary hardness of water
D. Normally, the turbidity is removed by adding a coagulant prior to sedimentation
D. Normally, the turbidity is removed by adding a coagulant prior to sedimentation
Pick out the false statement pertaining to water treatment
A. Aeration of water is effective in CO2 removal
B. The zeolite water softening process reduces the hardness of water by not more than 50%
C. Sodium sulfate or sodium carbonates do not cause hardness in water
D. Water with pH value less than 7 is acidic
B. The zeolite water softening process reduces the hardness of water by not more than 50%
Pick out the wrong statement pertaining to solvent extraction of oil. Rate of extraction __________.
A. Decreases with decrease of thickness of the flakes
B. Increases with the increasing flake size keeping the flake thickness constant
C. Increases considerably with the rise of temperature
D. Decreases as the moisture content of flakes increases
A. Decreases with decrease of thickness of the flakes
Fats as compared to oils have
A. More unsaturated glycerides of fatty acids
B. Less unsaturated glycerides of fatty acids
C. Much higher reactivity to oxygen
D. Lower melting point
B. Less unsaturated glycerides of fatty acids
Salt is added in the kettle during soap manufacture to separate
A. Soap from lye
B. Glycerin from lye
C. The metallic soap
D. The unsaponified fat from soap
A. Soap from lye
Hydrazine (N2H4) is used mainly as
A. Explosive
B. Rocket fuel
C.. An additive in detergent
D. Catalyst
B. Rocket fuel
Oils are partially hydrogenated (not fully) to manufacture vanaspati because fully saturated solidified oils
A. Cause cholesterol build up and blood clotting
B. Are prone to rancid oxidation
C. Always contain some amount of nickel (as their complete removal is very difficult)
D. Have affinity to retain harmful sulfur compounds
A. Cause cholesterol build up and blood clotting
Hydrogenation of oil takes place in
A. An autothermal reactor
B. A trickle bed reactor
C. A plug flow reactor
D. Backmix reactor
B. A trickle bed reactor
Temperature during hydrogenation of oil should not be more than 200°C, otherwise it will result in
A. Pyrolysis of oil
B. Sintering of porous catalyst
C. Hydrogen embrittlement
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Shaving soaps are
A. Soft potassium soaps (potassium salt of fatty acid) with free stearic acid to give lather a lasting property
B. Metallic soaps compounded with frothing agents
C. High free alkali soaps having excess of cane sugar and alcohol
D. Usually soap soaps
A. Soft potassium soaps (potassium salt of fatty acid) with free stearic acid to give lather a lasting property
Transparent soaps (e.g. Pears) are
A. Usually soft soaps (made from coconut oil) in which cane sugar and alcohol are added and finally washed with methylate spirit to achieve transparency
B. Metallic soaps with frothing agent and free stearic acid to achieve transparency
C. Metallic soaps with frothing agent from which glycerin has not been recovered
D. High free alkali soaps having excess of cane sugar and alcohol
A. Usually soft soaps (made from coconut oil) in which cane sugar and alcohol are added and finally washed with methylate spirit to achieve transparency
Glycerin is recovered from lye by
A. Evaporation followed by vacuum distillation
B. Liquid extraction technique
C. Extractive distillation technique
D. Steam distillation
A. Evaporation followed by vacuum distillation
Glycerin is not used in the
A. Manufacture of explosive
B. Conditioning and humidification of tobacco
C. Manufacture of pharmaceuticals
D. Manufacture of caustic soda
D. Manufacture of caustic soda
