Chemical Periodicity Flashcards
What happens to atomic radius across a period?
NC increases as no. of protons increases + SE is relatively constant as e- are added to the same valence shell so there is no change to the no. of inner shell e- –> Increase in ENC –> stronger attraction between the nucleus and the valence e-
valence e- pulled closer to the nucleus –> atomic radius decreases across a period
What happens to atomic radius down a group?
NC increases as no. of protons increases + shielding effect increase as no. of inner e- increase –> EMC unchanged
Distance between nucleus and valence e- increases due to increase in no. of e- shells –> weaker attraction between nucleus and valence e- –> atomic radius increases down a group
What happens to ionic radius across a period?
What happens to ionic radius down a group?
What happens to 1st I.E. across a period?
What happens to 1st I.E. down a group?
What happens to reducing strength of Group 1 metals down the group?
Proportionatal to reactivity (eg. react slowly/quickly/explosively)
What happens to electronegativity across a period?
What is the structure, bonding and nature of the oxide of Na?
Na2O
Structure: Giant ionic structure
Bonding: Ionic bonding
Nature: Basic oxide
What is the structure, bonding and nature of the oxide of Mg?
MgO
Structure: Giant ionic structure
Bonding: Ionic bonding
Nature: Basic oxide
What is the structure, bonding and nature in the oxide of Si?
SiO2
Structure: Giant molecular structure
Bonding: Covalent
Nature: Acidic oxide
What is the structure, bonding and nature of the oxide of Al?
Al2O3
Structure: Giant ionic structure
Bonding: Ionic with covalent character
Nature: Amphoteric oxide
What is the structure, bonding and nature of the oxide of P?
P4O10
Structure: Simple molecular structure
Bonding: Covalent
Nature: Acidic oxide
What is the structure, bonding and nature of the oxide of S?
Structure: Simple molecular structure
Bonding: Covalent
Nature: Acidic oxide
Write the equation of Na2O with water (with state symbols) and state its pH.
Na2O (s) + H2O → 2NaOH (aq)
pH = 13
Write the equation of MgO with water (with state symbols) and state its pH.
MgO (s) + H2O (l) ⇌ Mg(OH)2 (aq)
pH = 9
Write the equation of Al2O3 with water (with state symbols) and state its pH.
Insoluble.
pH = 7
Write the equation of SiO2 with water (with state symbols) and state its pH.
Insoluble.
pH = 7
Write the equation of P4O10 with water (with state symbols) and state its pH.
P4O10 (s) + 6 H2O (l) → 4H3PO4 (aq)
pH = 2
Write the equation of SO3 with water (with state symbols) and state its pH.
SO3 (g) + H2O (l) → H2SO4 (aq)
pH = 2
Write the equation of Na2O with acid (if any with state symbols).
Na2O (s) + 2HCl (aq) → 2NaCl (aq) + H2O (l)
Write the equation of MgO with acid (if any with state symbols).
MgO (s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl2 (aq) + H2O (l)
Write the equation of Al2O3 with acid (if any with state symbols).
Al2O3 (s) + 6HCl (aq) → 2AlCl3 (aq) + 3H2O (l)
Write the equation of SiO2 with acid (if any with state symbols).
No reaction
Write the equation of P4O10 with acid (if any with state symbols).
No reaction
Write the equation of SO3 with acid (if any with state symbols).
No reaction
Write the equation of Na2O with base (if any with state symbols).
No reaction
Write the equation of MgO with base (if any with state symbols).
No reaction
Write the equation of Al2O3 with base (if any with state symbols).
Al2O3 (s) + 2NaOH (aq) + 3H2O (l) → 2NaAl(OH)4 (aq)
Write the equation of SiO2 with base (if any with state symbols).
Write the equation of P4O10 with base (if any with state symbols).
Write the equation of SO3 with base (if any with state symbols).
What is the structure and bonding of the chloride of Na?
Structure: Giant ionic structure
Bonding: Ionic
What is the structure and bonding of the chloride of Mg?
What is the strcuture and bonding of the chloride of Al?
What is the structure and bonding of the chloride of Si?
Structure: Simple Molecular Structure
Bonding: Covalent
What is the structure and bonding of the chloride of P?
Structure: Simple molecular structure
Bonding: Covalent
Write the equation of NaCl with water (with state symbols) and state its pH.
NaCl (s) → Na+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)
pH = 7
Write the equation of
