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CHEM (LEC) > CHEMICAL NOMENCLATURE > Flashcards

CHEMICAL NOMENCLATURE Flashcards

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1
Q

Chemical nomenclature refers to the _____________

A

Naming system

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2
Q

indicate the elements and their proportions in a compound.

A

CHEMICAL FORMULAS

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3
Q

Shows the exact number of atoms of each element in a compound.

A

MOLECULAR FORMULA

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4
Q

The subscript numeral indicates the _____________ of an element present.

A

number of atoms

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5
Q

____________ are structurally different forms of the same element.

A

ALLOTROPES

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6
Q

____________ show how atoms are bonded to one another in a molecule.

A

STRUCTURAL FORMULA

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7
Q

The simplest chemical formulas. Simply tells us which elements are present. This is expressed as the simplest whole-number ratio of their atoms, but not necessarily the actual number of atoms in each molecule.

A

EMPIRICAL FORMULA

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8
Q

__________ is a substance composed of two or more elements combined in a specific ratio and held together by chemical bonds.

A

COMPOUND

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9
Q

Organization that standardizes the nomenclature system for all chemicals and compounds.

A

INTERNATIONAL UNION OF PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY (IUPAC)

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10
Q

____________ are made up of cations (positive ions) and anions (negative ions).

A

Ionic compounds

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11
Q

Cations

A

Positive ions

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12
Q

Anions

A

Negative ions

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13
Q

These are compounds formed from just two elements.

A

Binary Compounds

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14
Q

Usually involves combination of a Metal Cation + Nonmetallic Anion

A

Binary Compounds

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15
Q

Named by changing the ending of the element’s name to –ide

A

Binary Compounds

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16
Q

_____________ are compounds that consist of three elements. Usually involves polyatomic ions.

A

Ternary compounds

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17
Q

The accepted procedure for designating different cations of the same element is to use Roman numerals.

A

IONIC COMPOUNDS WITH TRANSITION METALS

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18
Q

______________________ form when elements share electrons in a covalent bond to form molecules.

A

Covalent or molecular compounds

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19
Q

Molecular compounds are electrically ________.

A

neutral

20
Q

Covalent compounds are formed when two ________ react with each other.

A

nonmetals

21
Q

We place the name of the first element in the formula first, and the second element is named by adding the suffix “-ide” to the root of the element name.

A

Molecular compound

22
Q
  • The prefix __________ may be omitted for the first element.
A

“mono-”

23
Q

B2H6

A

Diborane

24
Q

PH3

A

Phosphine

25
Q

CH4

A

Methane

26
Q

H2O

A

Water

27
Q

SiH4

A

Silane

28
Q

H2S

A

Hydrogen sulfide

29
Q

NH3

A

Ammonia

30
Q

______ can be described as a substance that yields hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.

A

Acid

31
Q

Formulas for acids contain one or more hydrogen atoms as well as an ______ group.

A

anionic

32
Q

Acids usually end with _________.

A

“-ic Acid”

33
Q

An oxyacid, oxoacid, or ternary acid is an acid that contains ________.

A

oxygen

34
Q

Addition of 1 Oxygen From -ic acid

A

Per…-ic Acid

35
Q

Removal of 1 Oxygen From -ic acid

A

-ous Acid

36
Q

Removal of 2 Oxygen From -ic acid

A

Hypo…ous Acid

37
Q

____________ are the anions containing an oxygen atom bonded to another element, with an overall negative charge.

A

Oxyanions

38
Q

All H+ ions are removed from -ic

A

-ic becomes -ate

39
Q

All H+ ions are removed from -ous

A

-ous becomes -ite

40
Q

The oxyanions with fewer oxygen ends in

A

-ite

41
Q

The oxyanions with more oxygen ends in

A

-ate

42
Q

________ can be described as a substance that yields hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water.

A

Base

43
Q

Bases usually end with ___________

A

Hydroxide (OH)

44
Q

______________ is a typical weak base.

A

Ammonia (NH3)

45
Q

Compounds that have a specific number of water molecules attached to them.

A

HYDRATES

CHEM (LEC) (3 decks)

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