CHEMICAL BONDING Flashcards
____________ is the attractive force that holds two atoms together in a complex unit.
Chemical bond
The nature of chemical reaction is closely linked to _________________
eletron configuration
____________________ occur whenever atoms combine with or dissociate from other atoms
Chemical reaction
There are ___ energy levels or electron shells in all.
7
the further the _____ is from the nucleus, the higher its ________________.
shell, energy level
the closer the _____ is from the nucleus, the lower its ________________.
shell, energy level
_______ energy shells can hold more electrons than ________ energy levels.
Higher, lower
Maximum number of electrons per shell formula
2(n)^2
The outer shell refers to the outer most shell holding electrons. It is also referred to as the ____________.
valence shell
Electrons in the outer shell are called ________________.
valence electrons
Outermost energy level is complete
Chemically inert
Outermost energy level is incomplete
Chemically reactive
Types of Chemical Bond
Ionic and Covalent Bond
chemical bond formed through the transfer of electrons
ionic bonds
compound in which ionic bonds are present
ionic compound
Ionic compounds tend to have _______ melting point and are good _______ of electricity when in a molten state.
high, conductors
chemical bond formed through the sharing of electrons
covalent bond
compound in which covalent bonds are present
molecular compound
____________ have lower melting points and can be gas, liquid, and solid.
Molecular compounds
Covalent bonding generally happens between _____.
nonmetals
An ionic bond is formed between a _______ and a __________________.
metal, non-metal
Non-metals(-ve ion) are “stronger” than the metal(+ve ion) and can get electrons very easily from the ______.
metal
A _________ symbol is the chemical symbol of an element surrounded by dots equal in number to the number of valence electrons present in atoms of the element.
Lewis
named in honor of the American chemist ________________, who first introduced them.
Gilbert Newton
also frequently called electron dot structures.
LEWIS STRUCTURE
The _____________ refers to an important principle that the atoms which have bonded share eight outer electrons.
octet rule
The octet rule states that the atoms like to have ________
electrons only in their full outer shells.
eight
- Special type of bond
- extremely weak bonds
- formed when an H atom bound to N, O, F
HYDROGEN BOND
___________ a result of an unequal sharing of the electrons in a bond.
Polar Covalent Bond
____________ is a bond in which the electron pair is shared equally.
Non-Polar Covalent Bond
If two atoms have an electronegativity difference of 0.4 or less, they form a ____________ bond.
non-polar covalent
If two atoms have an electronegativity difference between 0.5 and 1.7, they form a ______________ bond.
polar covalent
- If two atoms have an electronegativity difference of more than 1.8, they form an __________.
ionic bond
