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SP15 Periodontology > Chemical Home Care > Flashcards

Chemical Home Care Flashcards

1
Q

What percentage of toothpaste is humectants and what are some examples

A 
40-70%
glycerine
sorbitol
xylitol
propylene gylcol
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2
Q

What percentage of toothpaste is water

A

0-50%

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3
Q

What percentage of toothpaste is actives and what are some examples

A

0.2-1.5%
fluoride
triclosan

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4
Q

What percentage of toothpaste is abrasives and what are some examples

A 
10-50%
Ca phosphates
hydrated silica
alumina
Ca carbonate
Na bicarbonate
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5
Q

Abrasion from a toothpaste depends on what

A

particle hardness
particle size
shape

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6
Q

What are three types of fluoride found in toothpastes

A

sodium fluoride
monofluoro-phosphate
stabilized stannous fluoride

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7
Q

What percentage of toothpaste is surfactants and what are some examples

A

0.5-2%
Na-lauryl-sulfate
Na-N-lauroyl sarcosinate

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8
Q

The control of this is necessary to reduce gingival inflammation

A

supragingival plaque

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9
Q

This is a sophisticated drug delivery system that will deploy efficacious medications in an intact manner through a medium that can control the therapy’s administration

A

toothpaste

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10
Q

Studies have shown that this is just as effective in reducing plaque and gingival inflammation as fluoride dentifrice

A

triclosan/copolymer dentifrice

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11
Q

True or False

A carrier is needed for triclosan to be more efficient

A

True

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12
Q

What effects does triclosan have

A

inhibition of PGE2

inhibits the TNF-ɑ production via PGE2

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13
Q

This has anti-inflammatory effects but causes staining

A

stannous fluoride

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14
Q

What should you balance when determining a toothpaste for a child under 6 years of age

A

the level of fluoride; balance risk of fluorosis and caries

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15
Q

Why use a microbial rinse

A

teeth make up only 25% of the oral cavity and the biofilm covers the entire mouth

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16
Q

What four things make up essential oils and what rinse product is it found in

A 
eucalyptol
menthol
methyl salicylate
thymol
- listerine
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17
Q

What makes up CPC (cetylpridinium chloride) and what rinse product is it found in

A

quaternary ammonium compound

Crest Pro Health

18
Q

What makes up 0.12% chlorohexidine and what rinse product is it found in

A

bisbiguanide antiseptic

Peridex and PerioGuard

19
Q

What four supragingival agents can be used for anti-plaque and gingivitis

A

phenols
quaternary ammonium compounds
bisbiguanides
herbal extracts

20
Q

What are the four active ingredients in Listerine

A

Thymol
Eucalyptol
Methyl salicylate
menthol

21
Q

What are the indications to use listerine

A

prevents and reduce plaque, gingivitis, and bad breath

22
Q

What is the action of listerine

A

an essentail oil containing mouth rinse to inhibits symptoms of gingivitis

23
Q

What percentage of listerine is alcohol

A

26.9%

watch it with alcoholics

24
Q

What is the mechanism behind essential oils

A

it non-selectively and rapidly disrupts bacterial cell walls

reduces plaque endotoxin levels and pathogenicity for gingivitis

25
Q

What are the active ingredients in CPC (Viaduct)

A

0.05% cetylpridinium chloride
zinc chloride
freshens breath

26
Q

What is the indication for the use of Viadent CPC

A

to reduce plaque and gingivitis

27
Q

What is the action of CPC Viadent

A

anti-bacterial agent to kill plaque bacteria

28
Q

What are the active ingredients of CPC Cepacol

A

0.05% cetylpridinium

29
Q

What is the infection for the use of CPC Cepacol

A

antiseptic mouthwash

30
Q

What are two characteristics of CPC Cepacol

A

14% alcohol content

quaternary ammonium compound

31
Q

What is the mechanism behind cetylpyridinium chloride

A

ruptures bacterial cell membrane, leading to rapid leakage of cell contents and cell death
may alter bacterial metabolism, inhibiting growth

32
Q

What are the indications for using 0.12% chlorhexidine (peridex)

A

used to treat gingivitis and bleeding gums

33
Q

What is the mechanism of action by chlorhexidine

A

kills bacteria by altering the permeability of the cell membrane of the bacteria, causing leakage which eventually kills them
binds salivary mucins reducing pellicle formation, inhibiting colonizatio
binds bacteria, inhibiting adsorption onto teeth

34
Q

What are three characteristics of chlorhexidine

A

may cause tooth discoloration or increase in calculus formation
local hypersensitivity and sometimes generalized allergic reaction
bitter taste and can cause taste interference

35
Q

What are the percentages of plaque and gingivitis reduction when using CHX as directed

A
  1. 9% plaque reduction

42. 5% gingivitis reduction

36
Q

What are the bacterial by products that can cause halitosis

A 
H2S
CH3SH
CH3SCH3
short chain FAs
polyamines
nitrogen byproducts
keton byproducts
alkalines
phenyl byproducts
37
Q

What are the three treatment options of halitosis

A

eliminate etiological factors
review oral hygiene habits
recommend dietary changes

38
Q

What is the FDA category for EO and CPC

A

category 1; safe and effective

39
Q

What are three things associated with long term use of EO and CPC

A

no microbial overgrowth
no opportunistic infection
no development of microbial resistance

40
Q

What is the role of alcohol in mouth rinses

A

it helps to solubilize the ingredients

41
Q

What is the general considerations of EO-mouthrinse that contains alcohol and patients with xerostomia

A

it is safe to use as long as the usage in monitored

SP15 Periodontology (9 decks)

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