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Science 2nd (4 Topics) > Chemical Formula And Some Organic And Inorganic Compounds > Flashcards

Chemical Formula And Some Organic And Inorganic Compounds Flashcards

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1
Q

Indicates the number of atom present in a molecule. Example H2O, NH3 and CH4.

A

Molecular Formula

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2
Q

Shows the lines for the bond connecting one atom with another atom.

A

Structural formula

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3
Q

There are 3 kinds of chemical bonding:

A
  • Electrovalence or ionic bond
  • Covalence or covalent bond
  • Hydrogen bond
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4
Q

Involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another so the atom either loses or gains electrons.

A

Electrovalence or Ionic bonds

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5
Q

Bonding where non-metal and metal transfer electron.

A

Ionic bond

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6
Q

Sharing of electrons ( non-metal + non-metal)

A

Covalent bond

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7
Q

Is extremely important in biological systems. It forms only between a few small electronegative atoms like oxygen, flourine, and nitrogen (FON)

A

Hydrogen bond

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8
Q

5 most common inorganic molecules found in an organisms body:

A
  1. Water
  2. Oxygen
  3. Carbon dioxide
  4. Minerals
  5. Organic salts
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9
Q

Water makes up from____ percent of the protoplasm

A

60-90%

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10
Q

_____ is the universal solvent because it can dissolve inorganic compounds and many organic compounds better than any other substances. It can also retain heat well.

A

Water

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11
Q

Are present as gases in the respiratory organs of the organism and in the tissue fluids such as the blood and lymph.

A

Oxygen and carbon dioxide

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12
Q

_____ and ____ are present in skeletons.

A

Minerals and organic salts

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13
Q

What are the 4 important organic compounds in the organism ‘s body:

A
  1. Carbohydrates
  2. Proteins
  3. Lipids
  4. Nucleic Acid
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14
Q

Simplest and the most abundant organic compounds.

A

Carbohydrates

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15
Q

They are composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

A

Carbohydrates

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16
Q

______ are the primary products of photosynthesis is green plants.

A

Carbohydrates

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17
Q

They provide food for the animals and are sources of energy for the activities of the cell.

A

Carbohydrates

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18
Q

3 classes of carbohydrates:

A

Sugars, starches, and cellulose

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19
Q

3 kinds of sugars:

A
  1. Monosaccharides (simple sugars)
  2. Disaccharides (Double Sugars)
  3. Polysaccharides (complex sugars)
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20
Q

Are the building blocks of more complex carbohydrates.

A

Monosaccharides (simple sugars)

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21
Q

Glucose (dextrose or blood sugars)
fructose (fruit sugar),
Galactose ( milk sugar)
Are examples of _________.

A

Monosaccharides (simple sugars)

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22
Q

Is the end product in the digestion of carbohydrates. Also known as Dextrose or Blood sugars.

A

GLUCOSE

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23
Q

Fruit sugars.

A

Fructose

24
Q

Milk sugars

A

Galactose

25
Q

Mannose is ________?

A

Reduced the risks of UTI

26
Q

Two simple sugars bonded together.

A

Disaccharides (double sugars)

27
Q

Examples are sucrose ( table sugars), lactose (milk sugars) , maltose ( malt sugars ).

A

Disaccharides

28
Q

Formulas: C6H12O6

A

Carbohydrates

29
Q

Formula: C12H22O11

A

Disaccharides

30
Q

Is made up of one glucose molecule and one fructose molecule.

A

Sucrose (table sugars)

31
Q

Is made up of one glucose molecule and one Galactose molecule_______.

A

Lactose ( milk sugars)

32
Q

Is made up of 2 glucose molecules_____

A

Maltose

33
Q

Are made up of many glucose molecules bonded together in a long chain.

A

Polysaccharides ( complex sugars)

34
Q

3 kinds of polysaccharides:

A

Starches, glycogen, cellulose

35
Q

Are stored in potatoes, beans, and grains.

A

Starches

36
Q

Are stored in the animals liver.

A

Glycogen ( animal starch)

37
Q

Are found in the cell wall of plant cells.

A

Cellulose

38
Q

In order to utilize the polysaccharides, they must be broken down by ________. Into monosaccharides.

A

Hydrolysis ( breaking down of molecules by water)

39
Q

Are the most important organic compound that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They also contain nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus and iron.

A

Proteins

40
Q

Are large and complex molecules that consists of amino acid units linked together.

A

Proteins

41
Q

There are about ______ amino acids that are building blocks of proteins.

A

20

42
Q

When 2 amino acids join together,the resulting compound is a ________.

A

Dipeptide

43
Q

The dipeptides that join together form compounds called______.

A

Polypeptide

44
Q

Polypeptide join to form_______.

A

Proteins

45
Q

Is it true that No 2 species of living organisms (except identical twins) have exactly the same types of protein called “ protein specificity”

A

True

46
Q

3 important function of proteins

A
  1. They provide energy
  2. Enzymes and hormones and protein
  3. Antigens and antibodies are protein
47
Q

Are FATS and other related substances that contain elements like carbon, hydrogen with less oxygen than in carbohydrates.

A

Lipids

48
Q

They are insoluble in water and are soluble in organic liquids like other chloroform and acetone.

A

Lipids

49
Q

2 kinds of lipids:

A

Simple lipids and complex lipids

50
Q

Includes the fats and oils and waxes.

A

Simple lipids

51
Q

Includes the steroids and phospholipids.

A

Complex lipids.

52
Q

_____ and _____ are the building blocks of lipids.

A

Glycerol and Fatty acids

53
Q

Are the large and the most complex organic molecules.

A

Nucleic acids

54
Q

2 functions of nucleic acids:

A
  1. DNA
  2. RNA
55
Q

What is does the DNA stands for?

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

56
Q

What does RNA stands for?

A

Rebonucleic Acid

57
Q

Building blocks of nucleic acids.

A

Polypeptides

Science 2nd (4 Topics) (4 decks)

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