Chemical Formula And Some Organic And Inorganic Compounds

Question 1

Indicates the number of atom present in a molecule. Example H2O, NH3 and CH4.

Answer 1

Molecular Formula

Question 2

Shows the lines for the bond connecting one atom with another atom.

Answer 2

Structural formula

Question 3

There are 3 kinds of chemical bonding:

Answer 3

• Electrovalence or ionic bond
• Covalence or covalent bond
• Hydrogen bond

Question 4

Involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another so the atom either loses or gains electrons.

Answer 4

Electrovalence or Ionic bonds

Question 5

Bonding where non-metal and metal transfer electron.

Answer 5

Ionic bond

Question 6

Sharing of electrons ( non-metal + non-metal)

Answer 6

Covalent bond

Question 7

Is extremely important in biological systems. It forms only between a few small electronegative atoms like oxygen, flourine, and nitrogen (FON)

Answer 7

Hydrogen bond

Question 8

5 most common inorganic molecules found in an organisms body:

Answer 8

1. Water
2. Oxygen
3. Carbon dioxide
4. Minerals
5. Organic salts

Question 9

Water makes up from____ percent of the protoplasm

Answer 9

60-90%

Question 10

_____ is the universal solvent because it can dissolve inorganic compounds and many organic compounds better than any other substances. It can also retain heat well.

Answer 10

Water

Question 11

Are present as gases in the respiratory organs of the organism and in the tissue fluids such as the blood and lymph.

Answer 11

Oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 12

_____ and ____ are present in skeletons.

Answer 12

Minerals and organic salts

Question 13

What are the 4 important organic compounds in the organism ‘s body:

Answer 13

1. Carbohydrates
2. Proteins
3. Lipids
4. Nucleic Acid

Question 14

Simplest and the most abundant organic compounds.

Answer 14

Carbohydrates

Question 15

They are composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

Answer 15

Carbohydrates

Question 16

______ are the primary products of photosynthesis is green plants.

Answer 16

Carbohydrates

Question 17

They provide food for the animals and are sources of energy for the activities of the cell.

Answer 17

Carbohydrates

Question 18

3 classes of carbohydrates:

Answer 18

Sugars, starches, and cellulose

Question 19

3 kinds of sugars:

Answer 19

1. Monosaccharides (simple sugars)
2. Disaccharides (Double Sugars)
3. Polysaccharides (complex sugars)

Question 20

Are the building blocks of more complex carbohydrates.

Answer 20

Monosaccharides (simple sugars)

Question 21

Glucose (dextrose or blood sugars)
fructose (fruit sugar),
Galactose ( milk sugar)
Are examples of _________.

Answer 21

Monosaccharides (simple sugars)

Question 22

Is the end product in the digestion of carbohydrates. Also known as Dextrose or Blood sugars.

Answer 22

GLUCOSE

Question 23

Fruit sugars.

Answer 23

Fructose

Question 24

Milk sugars

Answer 24

Galactose

Question 25

Mannose is ________?

Answer 25

Reduced the risks of UTI

Question 26

Two simple sugars bonded together.

Answer 26

Disaccharides (double sugars)

Question 27

Examples are sucrose ( table sugars), lactose (milk sugars) , maltose ( malt sugars ).

Answer 27

Disaccharides

Question 28

Formulas: C6H12O6

Answer 28

Carbohydrates

Question 29

Formula: C12H22O11

Answer 29

Disaccharides

Question 30

Is made up of one glucose molecule and one fructose molecule.

Answer 30

Sucrose (table sugars)

Question 31

Is made up of one glucose molecule and one Galactose molecule_______.

Answer 31

Lactose ( milk sugars)

Question 32

Is made up of 2 glucose molecules_____

Answer 32

Maltose

Question 33

Are made up of many glucose molecules bonded together in a long chain.

Answer 33

Polysaccharides ( complex sugars)

Question 34

3 kinds of polysaccharides:

Answer 34

Starches, glycogen, cellulose

Question 35

Are stored in potatoes, beans, and grains.

Answer 35

Starches

Question 36

Are stored in the animals liver.

Answer 36

Glycogen ( animal starch)

Question 37

Are found in the cell wall of plant cells.

Answer 37

Cellulose

Question 38

In order to utilize the polysaccharides, they must be broken down by ________. Into monosaccharides.

Answer 38

Hydrolysis ( breaking down of molecules by water)

Question 39

Are the most important organic compound that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They also contain nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus and iron.

Answer 39

Proteins

Question 40

Are large and complex molecules that consists of amino acid units linked together.

Answer 40

Proteins

Question 41

There are about ______ amino acids that are building blocks of proteins.

Answer 41

20

Question 42

When 2 amino acids join together,the resulting compound is a ________.

Answer 42

Dipeptide

Question 43

The dipeptides that join together form compounds called______.

Answer 43

Polypeptide

Question 44

Polypeptide join to form_______.

Answer 44

Proteins

Question 45

Is it true that No 2 species of living organisms (except identical twins) have exactly the same types of protein called " protein specificity"

Answer 45

True

Question 46

3 important function of proteins

Answer 46

1. They provide energy 2. Enzymes and hormones and protein 3. Antigens and antibodies are protein

Question 47

Are FATS and other related substances that contain elements like carbon, hydrogen with less oxygen than in carbohydrates.

Answer 47

Lipids

Question 48

They are insoluble in water and are soluble in organic liquids like other chloroform and acetone.

Answer 48

Lipids

Question 49

2 kinds of lipids:

Answer 49

Simple lipids and complex lipids

Question 50

Includes the fats and oils and waxes.

Answer 50

Simple lipids

Question 51

Includes the steroids and phospholipids.

Answer 51

Complex lipids.

Question 52

_____ and _____ are the building blocks of lipids.

Answer 52

Glycerol and Fatty acids

Question 53

Are the large and the most complex organic molecules.

Answer 53

Nucleic acids

Question 54

2 functions of nucleic acids:

Answer 54

1. DNA 2. RNA

Question 55

What is does the DNA stands for?

Answer 55

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 56

What does RNA stands for?

Answer 56

Rebonucleic Acid

Question 57

Building blocks of nucleic acids.

Answer 57

Polypeptides