Chemical Equilibrium Flashcards
Define a closed system
One in which mass is conserved inside the system but energy can enter or leave the system freely
Define an open system
one in which both energy and matter can be exchanged between the system and its surroundings
What are the external factor that change the equilibrium positions
1- pressure
2-Temperture
3-Concentration
State Le Chateliers principle
When an external stress (change in pressure, temperature or concentration) is applied to a system in dynamic chemical equilibrium, the equilibrium point will change in such a way as to counteract the stress
What happens when there is an increase in pressure
If the pressure of a system is increased, the volume is decreased
The system will favor the reaction which produces less molecules of gas
(the reaction that has the fewest number of moles of gas)
What happens when there is a pressure decrease
the system will favor the reaction which produces more molecules of gas (the reaction with the greater number of moles)
What happens when there is a increase in temperature
increase, favour the forward endothermic reaction to reduce the temperature. There for the concentration of the products will increase whereas the concentration of the reactants will decrease
What happens when the temperature decreases
decrease, the exothermic reverse reaction is favored. the the concentration of the products will be less than the concentration of the reactants
What happens when there is an increase in concentration
if the concentration of a reactant is increases the forward reaction is favoured to decrease the concentration of the reactions
if the concentration of the products the reverse is favoured to use up the products
What happens when there is an decrease in the concentration
The reactant - the reverse reaction is favoured to create more reactants
The product- the forward reaction is favoured to create more products
Dynamic Chemical Equilibrium
Reversible reaction in which the forward and reverse reactions are taking place at the same rate, hence the concentrations of reactants and products are constant
