Chemical Equilibrium Flashcards
When is a chemical reaction in equilibrium?
When the composition of the reactants and products remains constant indefinitely.
What is the equilibrium expression for the general reaction aA + bB 🠒 cC + dD?
K = [C]ᶜ[D]ᵈ / [A]ᵃ[B]ᵇ
where [A],[B],[C],[D] are the equilibrium concentrations of A,B,C,D and a,b,c,d are the stoichiometric coefficients in the balanced reaction equation.
What does Le Chatelier’s principle state?
Any system at equilibrium will counteract an applied change.
What does a value of K greater than one indicate about a reaction?
The products are favoured.
What does a value of K less than one indicate about a reaction?
The reactants are favoured.
What parts of an equilibrium reaction are not included in the equilibrium expression?
Any solids.
Liquids in heterogeneous equilibria (such as H₂O).
What happens to the value of K as temperature increases in an exothermic reaction?
K decreases.
What happens to the value of K as temperature increases in an endothermic reaction?
K increases.
What alters the value of the equilibrium constant?
Temperature only.
What is solvent extraction?
Process used to remove a dissolved substance from a solution.
What is solvent extraction used to do?
Purify a substance.
