CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BODY Pt. 3 Flashcards
What are carbohydrates
A group that includes things like table sugars & starches.
What are the simple carbohydrates?
Monosacharides * Fructose * Glucose * Galatose Disaccharides *Sucrose *Lactose *Maltose
What foods have simple carbohydrates?
Candy Bars Soda Table Sugar Fruit Cake
What is Sucrose made of?
Glucose +Glucose
What are complex carbohydrates?
Long branching chains of glucose molecules.
- Starch: a carbohydrate stored in plants.
- Glycogen: a storage carbohydrate in animals.
- Lipids
Where is glycogen stored?
The liver & all muscle types.
What are the 4 categories of lipids?
Fatty acids can be unsaturated or saturated. Mono-,di-,& triglycerides Phospholipids (polar) Steroids Eicosanoids (prostaglandins)
What are saturated fats
contains only single bonds between the carbons on the fatty acid chains.
What are unsaturated fats?
contains 1 or more double bonds between the carbons on the fatty acid chains.
Semi solid or liquid at room temperature.
Mono-,Di-, & Poly unsaturated fats.
What will unsaturated fats only dissolve in?
Other lipids & insoluble in water
What is a triglyceride made up?
Glycerol backbone + 3 fatty acid chains.
What are phospholipids?
They are modified triglycerides
What are phospholipids made of?
Phosphorus head & 2 fatty acids tails.
Where are phospholipids found?
They are found only human cell membrane as a bi-layer.
What does hydrophilic mean?
Tails on the inside of the membrane.
Soluble in water
