Chemical composition of cell

Question 1

cells contain how many elements?

Answer 1

about 90.

Question 2

what are organic and inorganic substances?

Answer 2

Organic substances are compounds containing carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds, often associated with living organisms, while inorganic substances lack carbon-hydrogen bonds and are typically derived from non-living sources.

Question 3

in what groups are elements divided in, according to the contents of their cells?

Answer 3

Macroelements, microelements and ultramicroelements.

Question 4

what percent of elements in the cell do macro elements make up and what are they?

Answer 4

98%. Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon and Nitrogen.

Question 5

what percent of elements in the cell do micro elements make up and what are they?

Answer 5

1.9%. Calcium, Sodium, Potassium, Chlorine, Phosphorus, Iron (Fe), Sulfur and Magnesium.

Question 6

what percent of elements in the cell do ultramicro elements make up and what are they?

Answer 6

0.1%. Manganese, Iodine, fluorine, Copper, Zinc and Bromine.

Question 7

which macro elements are included in the structure of organic molecules such as proteins, lipids and carbohydrates?

Answer 7

Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon and Nitrogen.

Question 8

in which organic substances is nitrogen found in?

Answer 8

ATP, nucleic acids (RNA ,DNA) and proteins.

Question 9

what makes up the molecules of water? and how are water molecules connected with each other?

Answer 9

Hydrogen and Oxygen. Via Hydrogen bonds.

Question 10

what does the water concentration of a cell depend on? and how does it relate?

Answer 10

Its metabolic activity, the higher the metabolic activity the higher the water concentration of the cell.

Question 11

what functions does the water of the body have?

Answer 11

1. Cell volume and shape. 2. Universal solvent. 3. Medium for metabolic reactions. 4. Thermoregulation. 5.Osmosis (Osmoregulation).

Question 12

in hot conditions, how is the body thermoregulated?

Answer 12

in hot conditions the H bonds between water molecules are broken and the hot water molecules leave body through sweat pours, this is called Perspiration (sweating).

Question 13

What is Osmosis (Osmoregulation)?

Answer 13

Osmosis is the movement of solvent molecules (usually water) across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration, in an attempt to equalize solute concentrations on both sides of the membrane. Osmoregulation is the process by which organisms regulate the balance of water and solutes within their cells or bodies to maintain internal stability, particularly in relation to the surrounding environment.