chemical change: electrolysis Flashcards
What is electrolysis?
Electrolysis is a chemical process that uses electrical energy to drive a non-spontaneous reaction.
True or False: Electrolysis can be used to decompose compounds.
True
What are the main components of an electrolytic cell?
An electrolytic cell consists of two electrodes (anode and cathode) and an electrolyte.
Fill in the blank: The process of electrolysis requires an external __________.
voltage
What occurs at the anode during electrolysis?
Oxidation occurs at the anode.
What occurs at the cathode during electrolysis?
Reduction occurs at the cathode.
What is the role of the electrolyte in electrolysis?
The electrolyte conducts electricity and facilitates the movement of ions.
What is Faraday’s first law of electrolysis?
Faraday’s first law states that the mass of a substance deposited or dissolved at an electrode during electrolysis is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity that passes through the cell.
What is Faraday’s second law of electrolysis?
Faraday’s second law states that the mass of a substance deposited at an electrode is proportional to its equivalent weight.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a product of electrolysis of water? A) Hydrogen B) Oxygen C) Nitrogen D) None
C) Nitrogen
What is the process of electrolysis used for in industry?
Electrolysis is used for electroplating, metal refining, and producing chemicals like chlorine and hydrogen.
True or False: The efficiency of electrolysis is always 100%.
False
Fill in the blank: The unit of electric charge is the __________.
coulomb
What type of reaction is electrolysis?
Electrolysis is an endothermic reaction, as it requires energy input.
What is the significance of the overpotential in electrolysis?
Overpotential is the extra voltage required to drive an electrochemical reaction at a rate higher than the equilibrium rate.
What materials are commonly used for electrodes in electrolysis?
Common materials include platinum, graphite, and stainless steel.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common electrolyte used in electrolysis? A) Sodium chloride B) Water C) Sugar D) All of the above
A) Sodium chloride
Fill in the blank: The process of electrolysis is used to separate __________ from their compounds.
elements
What is electrorefining?
Electrorefining is a process used to purify metals using electrolysis.
True or False: Electrolysis can only be performed in aqueous solutions.
False
What is the role of a power supply in electrolysis?
The power supply provides the necessary voltage to drive the electrolysis process.
Multiple Choice: In electrolysis of molten salts, which ion moves to the anode? A) Cation B) Anion C) Both D) None
B) Anion
What is the main disadvantage of electrolysis?
The main disadvantage is the high energy consumption required for the process.
Fill in the blank: The products of electrolysis can be __________ or __________.
gases; solids
What is the term for the minimum voltage required to initiate electrolysis?
Threshold voltage
True or False: Electrolysis can be used to produce hydrogen fuel.
True
What is the effect of temperature on the rate of electrolysis?
Higher temperatures generally increase the rate of electrolysis.
What is the process of electrolysis of brine used for?
The electrolysis of brine is used to produce chlorine gas, hydrogen gas, and sodium hydroxide.
Fill in the blank: The electrode where reduction occurs is called the __________.
cathode
What is a common application of electrolysis in the production of metals?
Electrolysis is commonly used in the extraction of aluminum from bauxite.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following can be a product of electrolysis? A) Metals B) Gases C) Nonmetals D) All of the above
D) All of the above
